Blood transfusion reactions

Question 1

Patient presents with urticaria, pruritis, fever, wheezing, hypotension, respiratory arrest and shock minutes after blood transfusion. What is the hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 1

Type I hypersensitivity reaction in an IgA-deficient individual

Question 2

Patient presents with fever, headaches, chills, flushing within 1-6 hours after blood transfusion. What is the hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 2

Type II hypersensitivity reaction with antibodies against donor HLA antigens and WBCs

Question 3

Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction presents with…

Answer 3

fever, headaches, chills, and flushing within 1-6 hours after blood transfusion

Question 4

Allergic anaphylactic reaction after blood transfusion presents with…

Answer 4

Urticaria, pruritis, fever, wheezing, hypotension, respiratory arrest and/or shock within minutes to 3 hours after blood transfusion

Question 5

Patient presents with fever, hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia, flank pain, hemoglobinuria, and jaundice after blood transfusion. What is the diagnosis?

Answer 5

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

Question 6

Mechanism of acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

Answer 6

ABO blood group incompatibility or host antibody reaction against foreign antigen on donor RBCs

Question 7

Patient presents with respiratory distress and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema within 6 hours after blood transfusion. What is the diagnosis?

Answer 7

Transfusion-related acute lung injury

Question 8

What is the mechanism of transfusion-related acute lung injury?

Answer 8

Donor anti-leukocyte antibodies against recipient neutrophils and pulmonary endothelial cells

Question 9

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is what type of hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 9

Type II hypersensitivity reaction