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Step 1 Immunology-First Aid 2017 > Immunosuppressants > Flashcards

Immunosuppressants Flashcards

1
Q

Immunosuppressants that Block T-cell activation by preventing IL-2 transcription

A

Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus

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2
Q

Calcinuerin inhibitor that bind FK506

A

Tacrolimus

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3
Q

Calcinuerin inhibitor that binds cyclophilin

A

Cyclosporine

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4
Q

mTOR inhibitor that binds FKBP

A

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

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5
Q

Immunosuppresant that blocks T-cell activation and differentiation of B-cells by preventing response to IL-2

A

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

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6
Q

Sirolimus (Rapamycin) mechanism

A

Blocks T-cell activation and B-cell differentiation by preventing response to IL-2

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7
Q

Tacrolimus mechanism

A

Calcineurin inhibitor that binds FK506 preventing IL-2 transcription which blocks T-cell activation

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8
Q

Cyclosporine mechanism

A

Calcineurin inhibitor that binds cyclophilin preventing IL-2 transcription which blocks T-cell activation

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9
Q

Nephrotoxic immunosuppressant

A

Both calcineurin inhibitors are nephrotoxic but cyclosporine > tacrolimus

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10
Q

Tacrolimus inhibits what

A

Calcineurin

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11
Q

Cyclosporine inhibits what

A

Calcinuerin

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12
Q

Sirolimus (Rapamycin) inhibits what

A

mTOR

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13
Q

Sirolimus

A

mTOR inhibitor that binds FKBP preventing IL-2 response and blocking T-cell activation and B-cell differentiation

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14
Q

Indications for Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

A

Kidney transplant rejection prophylaxis

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15
Q

Immunosuppressant given to synergistically with cyclosporine

A

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

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16
Q

Immunosuppressant used in drug-eluding stents

A

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

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17
Q

Immunosuppresant that spares the kidney

A

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

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18
Q

Other indications for cyclosporine

A

Psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis

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19
Q

Toxicities associated with cyclosporine

A

Nephrotoxicity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, neurotoxicity, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism

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20
Q

Toxicities associated with tacrolimus

A

Increased risk of diabetes and neurotoxicity; NO gingival hyperplasia or hirsutism

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21
Q

Nephrotoxic immunosuppressant that does not cause gingival hyperplasia or hirsutism

A

Tacrolimus

22
Q

Nephrotoxic immunosuppressant that causes gingival hyperplasia and hirsutism

A

Cyclosporine

23
Q

Monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-2R

A

Basiliximab

24
Q

Monoclonal antibody that causes edema, hypertension and tremors

A

Basiliximab

25
Q

Toxicity associated with azathioprine (6-MP)

A

Pancytopenia

26
Q

Immunosuppressant contraindicated with allopurinol

A

Azathioprine

27
Q

Enzyme responsible for azathiprine degradation

A

Xanthine oxidase

28
Q

Immunosuppressant that inhibits lymphocyte proliferation by blocking nucleotide synthesis

A

Azathioprine

29
Q

Other indications for azathioprine

A

Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, glomerulonephritis, and other immune conditions

30
Q

Antimetabolite precursor of 6-mercaptopurine

A

Azathioprine

31
Q

Mechanism of azathioprine

A

Blocks nucleotide synthesis inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation

32
Q

Mycophenolate mofetil other indications

A

Lupus nephritis

33
Q

Mycophenolate mofetil toxicities

A

GI upset, pancytopenia, hypertension, hyperglycemia

34
Q

Immunosuppressant associated with invasive CMV infection

A

Mycophenolate mofetil

35
Q

Mycophenolate mofetil is associated with what infection

A

CMV

36
Q

Mycophenolate mofetil mechanism

A

Reversibly inhibits IMP dehydrogensase preventing purine synthesis of B and T cells

37
Q

Immunosuppressant that reversibly inhibits IMP dehydrogenase

A

Mycophenolate mofetil

38
Q

Immunosuppressant that prevents purine synthesis of B and T cells and is associated with invasive CMV infections

A

Mycophenolate mofetil

39
Q

Immunosuppressant that is less nephrotoxic and neurotoxic and reversibly inhibits IMP dehydrogenase

A

Mycophenolate mofetil

40
Q

Reversible inhibitor of IMP dehydrogenase also indicated for lupus nephritis

A

Mycophenolate mofetil

41
Q

Immunosuppressant that inhibits NF-kB

A

Corticosteroids

42
Q

Immunosuppressant that suppresses B and T cell function by decreasing transcription of many cytokines

A

Corticosteroids

43
Q

Corticosteroid mechanism

A

Inhibits NF-kB decreasing transcription of many cytokines suppressinb B and T-cell function

44
Q

Corticosteroids induce apoptosis in what cells

A

T-cells

45
Q

T-cell apoptosis is induced by which immunosuppressant

A

Corticosteroids

46
Q

Indications for corticosteroids

A

Many autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, adrenal insufficiency, asthma, CLL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma

47
Q

Immunosuppressant that causes artificial leukocytosis

A

Corticosteroids

48
Q

Adrenal insufficiency may develop if this immunosuppresant is stopped abruptly

A

Corticosteroids

49
Q

Cushing syndrome, osteoporosis, hyperglycemia are complications of which immunosuppressant

A

Corticosteroids

50
Q

Avascular necrosis, peptic ulcers, and adrenocoritcal atrophy are complications of which immunosuppressant

A

Corticosteroids

51
Q

Diabetes, amenorrhea and demargination of WBCs is seen with which immunosuppressant

A

Corticosteroids

Step 1 Immunology-First Aid 2017 (30 decks)

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