Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Hematology Module 2 > Body Fluids > Flashcards

Body Fluids Flashcards

(67 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Where is cerebrospinal fluid located

A

brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where is pleural fluid found

A

lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where is pericardial fluid found

A

heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is peritoneal fluid found

A

abdominal organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where is synovial fluid found

A

joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

normal volume of CSF in an adult

A

90-150 mL in adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the name given to the change in color of a supernatant, caused by the breakdown of hemoglobin

A

Xanthochromia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CSF for neonates

  • white blood cell count
  • lymphs v.s. monos
A
  • 0-27 cells/cumm

- more monos then lymphs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CSF white blood cell count for adults

A

0-5/cumm

- 70% lymphs and 30% monos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

an increased cell count, particularly an increase in white blood cell (WBC) count, in a bodily fluid, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

pleocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bacterial meningitis leads to increase in

A

neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Viral meningitis leads to an increase in

A

lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Acute leukemias lead to increase in

A

blasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lymphomas lead to an increase in

A

lymphoma cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cerebral hemorrhage (including strokes) lead to increase in

A

pollys, monos, macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Correcting for a traumatic tap (formula 1)

A

subtract 1 WBC per 500 RBCs counted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Correcting for a traumatic tap (formula 2)

A

WBC count - [WBCblood x (RBCcsf/RBCblood)]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cytospin preps are made on all ______ specimen regardless of _______ ________

A

CSF

Cell Count

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do you make a Cytospin slide?

A

add one drop of 22% albumin and 5 drops of fluid to make the cytospin prep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What type of serous body fluid accumulates due to a pathologic state such as infection or malignancy

A

Exudate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

abnormal collection of fluid in a cavity

A

Effusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

accumulate due to a systemic disease state

A

transudates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Causes of transudates (4)

A

Congestive Heart Failure
Decreased plasma oncotic pressure
Hypoproteinemia of the nephrotic syndrome
Liver failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Accumulate due to a primary pathologic state

A

Exudates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Examples of causes of Exudates
bacterial infections, viral infections, neoplasms, trauma, noninfectious inflammatory conductions (RA), collagen vascular disease (SLE)
26
Serous fluids are ultra filtrate of what?
plasma
27
systemic causes of effusions and the underlying mechanism
1. increase capillary HP | 2. decrease plasma oncotic pressure
28
local causes of effusions and the underlying mechanism
1. increased capillary permeability | 2. decreased lymphatic resorption
29
Specific gravity for transudates and exudates
T is < E is > | 1.015
30
Total protein for transudates and exudates
T is < E is > | 3.0 g/dL
31
LDH for transudates and exudates
T is < E is > | 200 IU
32
LDH activity ratio for transudates and exudates
T is < E is > | 0.6
33
cell count for transudates and exudates
T is < E is > | 1000/microL
34
Chylous Effusion
Trigs >110mg/dl
35
If chylomicrons are present that = ______ | If cholesterol crystals are present = ______
Chylous Effusion | Pseudochylous Effusion
36
Chylous Effusions are obstruction of ____ ____ from lymphoma, neoplasm, or surgery
Lymphatic system
37
Pseudochylous effusions are ______ conditions such as RA and often have higher concentration of ____ than serum
inflammatory | cholesterol
38
Normal Cells in serous fluids
- lymphocytes - mono-histocytes (macrophages) - siderophages - erythrophages - Signet Ring Cells - mesothelial cells
39
Serous Fluid is straw colored to yellow clear, what does that mean?
normal
40
Serous fluid is cloudy to hazy, what does that mean?
Infectious process
41
Serous fluid is bloody, what does that mean?
malignancy or trauma
42
Serous fluid is milky what does that mean?
chyle (lipids)
43
macrophages containing siderotic (iron) granules
Siderophages
44
macrophages that have phagocytize RBCs
Erythrophages
45
macrophages that have phagocytize large amounts of lipids
signet ring cells
46
These cells are neutrophils that have phagocytized a naked nucleus showing a homogenous, smooth chromatin pattern
LE Cells
47
Malignant cell facts (4)
- form clusters - irrecgular or jagged - chromatin is unevenly distributed - unclear to cytoplasmic ratio is higher than normal
48
Normal cells found in synovial fluid (7)
- monos/macs (60%) - lymphocytes (30%) - neutrophils (10%) - LE Cells - Cartilaginous cells - Malignant - Synoviocytes
49
Purpose of hyaluronidase when analyzing synovial fluid
Synovial fluid is viscous, containing hyaluronic acid, adding hyaluronidase fixes that?
50
What are the groups of the synovial fluid classification?
- Normal - Group 1 - Noninflammatory - Group 2- Inflammatory - Group 3 - Septic - Group 4 - Hemorrhagic
51
How do you perform a BAL?
Warm saline introduced into the lungs and then withdrawn
52
BAL cell findings | - Histiocytes
may have carbonaceous material from smokers (black, brown, or blue-black)
53
BAL cell findings | - Pneumocystic jiroveci
common in specimens from HIV patients (may look like amorphous material)
54
Cells found in BAL (8)
- Neutrophils - macrophages - no mesothelial - pneumocytes - ciliated epithelial cells - histocytes - pneumocystis jiroveci
55
Cells found in CSF
- lymphocytes
56
Lymphocytes found in all body fluids but what?
BAL
57
Neutrophils are abnormal in all body fluids but what?
BAL
58
Monocytes are normal in all body fluids but what?
NONE! normal in all
59
Leukemia/Lymphoma cells are most common in what?
ALL and some AML
60
Rice bodies are found where and are made of what?
in synovial fluids and composed of collagen covered by fibrinous tissue
61
Monosodium Urate see in what?
gout
62
Calcium Pyrophosphate crystals seen in what?
pseudo-gout
63
MSU look on polarizer
bright needles strongly birefringent
64
CPP look on polarizer
rhomboidal and weakly birefringent
65
Red compensator is used MSU crystals appear yellow when ____ to axis and blue when ______
parallel | perpendicular
66
If the opening pressure is low in collection of spinal fluid, it leads to__________,_________
Reduced volume and block above the puncture site
66
If the opening pressure is high in collection of spinal fluid, it leads to__________,_________,_______,_______,______
``` High volume CNS hemorrhage Malignancy Hydrocephalus Meningitis ```

Hematology Module 2 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions