bone and joint Flashcards
these lay down osteoid
osteoblasts
non-mineralized matrix called:
osteoid
three components of long bone:
epiphysis, metaphysis, diaphysis (long)
epiphysis is covered by:
cartilage (joint)
metaphysis is where:
blood suppply comes in
main component of bone, length and strength:
diaphysis (it’s hollow)
what is epiphyseal growth plate for?
cartilage laid down before become bone–>
endochondral
what is epiphyseal growth plate for?
cartilage laid down before become bone–>
endochondral ossification
predominant mineral?
Ca
mature osteoblasts
osteocytes
these remodel bone
osteoclasts
autosomal dominant, defect of endochondral ossification, growth of long bone retarded, normal trunk cause dwarfism
achondroplasia
mutation in laying down of collagen, born with multiple fractures, blue sclerae, thin skin, thin dental enamel
osteogenesis imperfecta
mutation in laying down of collagen, born with multiple fractures, blue sclerae (whites of eyes), thin skin, thin dental enamel
osteogenesis imperfecta
bacterial infection of bone
osteomyelitis
causes of osteomyelitis?
pyogenic cocci (staph in metaphysis–>diaphysis–>pus into epiphysis), mixed flora (drug addiction), TB
devitalized bone fragments cut off from blood supply (dead bone)
sequestra
reactive bone formed to wall off infection (laying down of new bone)
involucrum
bone is thin, 1/3 of women >65 yrs affected, prone to fractures
osteoporosis
secondary cause of osteoporosis
hormonal problems, dietary, immobilization, drugs (anticonvulsants, heparin)
after age __ bone loss >form
30
postmenopause osteoporosis in trabecular bone (vertebrae, wrist)
type 1
old age osteoporosis in cortical and trabecular bone of long bones (neck of femur)
type 2
soft bones. abnormal (not calcified), disturb of vit D or PO4 metabolism
osteomalacia
