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PHS 3300 > Cardiac pt 1 > Flashcards

Cardiac pt 1 Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

steal - obstruction

A

blood choose path of least resistance even if there is room to flow on the other direction

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2
Q

deep vein thrombosis is due to what

A

thrombus in a deep vein of a lower extremity

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3
Q

how do you treat DVT

A

anticoagulation therapy

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4
Q

varicose veins are one step in :

A

chronic venous insufficiency

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5
Q

what 3 things characterize pregnancy-induced hypertension

A

high BP
protein in urine
edema

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6
Q

what is edema

A

swelling due to too much fluid build up

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7
Q

dissecting aneurysm

A

tear in the intima and media

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8
Q

what are the two causes of secondary lymphedema

A

infection by filarial worm
latrogenic

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9
Q

what is the primary factor influenced SBP

A

Stroke volume

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10
Q

a partial occlusion due to atherosclerosis in the heart can cause what

A

angina pectoris
(ischemic heart disease)

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11
Q

where are aneurysms most frequently found

A

cerebral circulation
thoracic/abdominal aorta

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12
Q

what is isolated systolic hypertension

A

High systolic (140+)
normal diastolic (90-)

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13
Q

relationship between nephron numbers and HTN

A

lower nephron number contributes to HTN

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14
Q

impaired lymph flow that builds up the fluid in extremities

A

lymphedema

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15
Q

what are incompetent valves caused by

A

overstretching the valves due to high venous pressures

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16
Q

what is the name for the severe form of PIH that develops near the end of pregnancy

A

eclampsia

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17
Q

embolus

A

clot broken off and moving around

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18
Q

what do the kidneys release to decrease blood pressure

A

renin

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19
Q

what kind of HTN is knownn as the silent killer

A

primary

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20
Q

what is lymphedema

A

impaired lymph flow that builds up the fluid in extremities

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21
Q

what are the 4 kinds of aneuryms

A

true: fusiform
true: saccular
false
dissecting

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22
Q

a partial occlusion due to atherosclerosis in the brain can cause what

A

transient ischemic attack

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23
Q

what is isolated diastolic hypertension

A

normal systolic
high diastolic

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24
Q

saccular aneurysm

A

bulge or balloon on one side of the BV

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25
what causes varicos veins
impaired venous return
26
wha aneurysm: Injury to the BV allows blood to pass through all 3 tunicas
false
27
what increases the risk of developing a thrombus
anything that slows down your blood flow
28
inflammation of the BV walls
vasculitits
29
what can a thrombus cause in the arterial system
acute arterial occlusion (partial or complete blockage of blood flow in an artery)
30
what aneurysm: tunica balloons out on both sides of the BV
fusiform
31
what is primary lympehdema caused by
congenital anomaly lymph sys dysfunction
32
blood choose path of least resistance even if there is room to flow on the other direction
steal
33
a total occlusion due to atherosclerosis in the heart can cause what
myocardial infarction
34
a partial occlusion due to atherosclerosis in the PA can cause what
aneurism if it gets to the heart
35
thrombulus
stationary clot
36
a tumor or anything pushing down on the BV
compression
37
what artery does an embolus from the LV go to next? what can it cause
cerebral artery ischemic stroke
38
what are some risk factors for incompetent valves
obesity pregnancy lots of standing
39
what is an aneurysm
weakened and dilated arterial wall
40
a partial occlusion due to atherosclerosis in the legs can cause what
peripheral vascular disease gangrene amputation
41
false aneurysm:
Injury to the BV allows blood to pass through all 3 tunicas
42
what is the most commonly affected vein for varicose veins
greater saphenous
43
what type of hypertension is developed over time
primary
44
what aneurysm: tear in the intima and media
dissecting
45
what do aortic aneurysms cause
severe pain hypotension
46
atheroma
plaque that forms inside arteries
47
what is more serious: hypertensive emergency or urgency
emergency
48
fusiform aneurysm
tunica balloons out on both sides of the BV
49
what does atherosclerosis do
narrows the lumina and decreases their ability to dilate
50
arteriosclerosis
hardening or thickening of arterial wall
51
hypercoaguable conditions are a big risk factor for:
thrombus development
52
what are some risk factors for aneurysm formation
HTN atherosclerosis
53
atherosclerosis
type of arteriosclerosis proliferation of SM cells and lipid collection in arterial walls (aka narrowing of large arteries)
54
what is pressure natiuresis
increase in Na excretion when renal perfusion pressure increases
55
what is latrogenic lymphedyma
removal of lymph node or destruction of lymph vessel due to radiation
56
where does an embolus from the RV go? what can it cause
lungs pulmonary embolism
57
vasospasm
BV walls contract and block blood flow
58
a total occlusion due to atherosclerosis in the brain can cause what
cerebrovascular accident
59
vasculitis
inflammation of the BV walls
60
compression
a tumor or anything pushing down on the BV
61
what kind of hypertension is more severe and comes quicker
secondary
62
where do most emboluses originate
deep veins of the pelvis and lower extremities
63
plaque that forms inside arteries
atheroma
64
what aneurysm: bulge or balloon on one side of the BV
saccular
65
what type of hypertension can be attributed to a specific identifiable condition
secondary
66
name some risk factors for thrombus development
trauma pump failure dsrhythmias drugs HYPERCOAGUABLE CONDITIONS
67
what is the major determinant of DBP
systemic vascular resistance
68
what is the difference between hypertensive emergencies and urgencies
emergency: evidence of end-organ damage urgency: no evidence of such
69
clot broken off and moving around
embolus
70
what type of veins does chronic venous insufficiency involve
deep veins

PHS 3300 (19 decks)

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