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PHS 3300 > Neuro pt 2 > Flashcards

Neuro pt 2 Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

what does MI represent

A

primary motor cortex

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2
Q

where are the nasal retinas

A

more medial, toward the nose

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3
Q

alexia

A

impaired reading ability

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4
Q

where is the right visual field represented

A

left visual cortex and thalamus

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5
Q

what tracts are a part of the lateral pathways

A

corticospinal
rubrospinal

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6
Q

what area is M1 in

A

area 4

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7
Q

loss of sensory info
recognition/association

A

agnosia

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8
Q

what is a wedge vertebral fracture

A

compression fracture where anterior part of the vertebrae collapses

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9
Q

how is the motor cortex organized

A

topographically

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10
Q

what are the 4 major lobes

A

frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital

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11
Q

where is the visual cortex

A

the occipital lobe

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12
Q

what is the tectospinal tract responsible for

A

mediating reflexes to visual stimuli

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13
Q

where does the right visual field project to

A

the right nasal retina
left temporal retina

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14
Q

what is locked in syndrome

A

patients are aware and can think but are paralyzed and cannot communicate

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15
Q

name two things that happen when there is damage ot upper motor neurons

A

interference with voluntary movements
weakness/paralysis on the contralateral side of the body

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16
Q

where does the vestibulospinal tract start and end

A

medualla
spinal cord

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17
Q

where does the tectospinal tract originate

A

the midbrain

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18
Q

what is the grey matter of the brain

A

nerve cell bodies

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19
Q

what causes non fluent aphasia

A

damage to brocas area

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20
Q

receptive or seonsory aphasia

A

inability to read/understand the spoken word due to inability to process info in the brain

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21
Q

global aphasia

A

combination of expressive and receptive aphasia

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22
Q

when does a decerebrate response occur

A

when a person has a brain stem lesion

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23
Q

what is aphasia

A

inability to comprehend or express language

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24
Q

impaired reading ability

A

alexia

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25
what is hemianopia
loss of vision on either one or both eyes, either partially or completly
26
what does the premotor cortex control and where would you find it
skilled movements in the frontal lobe
27
what is a dislocation vertebral fracture
vertebra forced out of its normal position
28
what would you see with damage to a particular fiber
partial loss
29
the optic fibers from what retina CROSS in the optic chiasm
the nasal retinas
30
what does the medulla control
resp and cardio function cough reflex, swallowing, vomiting
31
damage to what side of the brain causes behavioural problems
right
32
a strong unexpected visual stimulus activates what part of the tectospinal tract
the superior colliculus
33
agnosia
loss of (word?) recognition/association
34
what side of the LGN receives input from the left visual field
the right LGN
35
motor dysfunction that affects the muscles used in speech
dysarhria
36
what is a compression vertebral fracture
crushed or shattered bone in multiple fragments
37
what are the two stages of post-trauma to the spinal cord
spinal shock recovery
38
what is dysarhria
motor dysfunction that affects the muscles used in speech
39
what would you see with damage at the optic tract or occipital lobe
loss of visual field on side opposite to that of the damage
40
what spinal segement has many motoneurons that are necessary for control of arm and hand muscles
cervical enlargement
41
when does a decorticate response occur
when there is severe damage in a hemesphere
42
injury in what area causes expressive aphasia
brocas
43
impaired writing ability
agraphia
44
non fluent aphasia
slow and labored short phrases
45
what is the auditory cortex responsible for/ where is it
hearing temporal lobe
46
what would you see with damage to the optic chiasm
complete loss of sight
47
what is a vegetative state
patient has no awareness, and is not responsive to stimuli, but brainstem function still works
48
what is spinal shock
all neurological activity is shut down - no reflexes (can last for days or weeks)
49
agraphia
impaired writing ability
50
what are the 3 parts of the frontal lobe
premotor cortex motor cortex brocas area
51
what does the pons link togeteher
the cerebellum and cerebrum
52
what does the corticospinal tract initiate
movements and modulate spinal reflexes
53
inability to comprehend or express language
aphasia
54
what are the two kinds of routes for control of spinal motor neurson
lateral ventromedial pathways
55
injury in what area causes receptive aphasia
wernickes
56
where is the somatosensory area
the parietal lobe
57
if a brain damage patient presented with loss of logical thinking, communication and analytical skills, what side of his brain was damaged
left
58
what does the corticospinal tract terminate on
motor neurons and interneurons
59
fluent aphasia
normal speaking pace but made up words
60
what layers of the LGN recieve input from the nasal retinas
1,4,6
61
where would you find the white matter of the brain
corpus callosum
62
what does the thalamus do
relays and integrates sensory impulses
63
what layers of the LGN recieve input from the temporal retina
2,3,5
64
what is brocas area and where would you find it
a part of the brain responsible for speech expression in the frontal lobe
65
what spinal segement has many motoneurons that are necessary for control of leg and feet muscles
lumbar enlargement
66
what spinal segement has fewer motoneurons and control the torso muscles
thoracic segments
67
what is a simple vertebral fracture
single line break
68
what causes fluent aphasia
damage to wernickes area
69
the optic nerve fibers from the ____ _____ retina cross in the optic chiasm
right nasal
70
what is the white matter of the brain
myelinated nerve bundles
71
expressive or motor aphasia
impaired ability to speak/write fluently and apropriately
72
what tracts are a part of the ventromedial pathways
tectospinal tract vestibulospinal pontine reticulospinal medullary reticulospinal
73
where are the temporal retinas
on the lateral side of the retina
74
the optic nerve fibers from the right nasal retina join what fibers that stay on the left side
left temporal retina
75
what part of the spinal cord are motoneurons located
the ventral horn
76
what is the olfactory cortex responsible for and where is it
smell temporal lobe
77
what causes global aphasia
major brain damage
78
what does the motor cortex control and where would you find it
voluntary movements in hte frontal lobe
79
name two things that happen when there is damage to lower motor neurons
weakness/paralysis on the SAME side of the body weakness/paralysis at and below the level of the spinal cord damage
80
what is a decorticate response
rigid flexion in the upper limbs, extension of hte lower limbs
81
what is the vestibulospinal tract responsible for
upper posture maintenance vestibulospinal reflexes (balance and posture)
82
what is wenickes area responsible for and where is it
speech comprehension temporal lobe
83
what is a decerebrate response
both uppper and lower limbs are extended and the head and body are arched
84
where does the corticospinal tract run from
M1 to the contralateral spinal cord

PHS 3300 (19 decks)

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