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Pharmacology > Cardiovascular 2 Anti-lipids > Flashcards

Cardiovascular 2 Anti-lipids Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

MoA for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

inhibits cholesterol synthesis

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2
Q

Indications for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

hyperlipidemia

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3
Q

SE/ADRs for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

diarrhea, arthralgia, nausea, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis

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4
Q

Contra-indications for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

liver disease (CYP450 metabolism)

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5
Q

Dx-Dx interactions for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

decrease [Dabigatron]

St John’s Wort decrease [Atorvostatin]

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6
Q

Monitoring for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

creatinine kinase (CK), AST/ALT baseline & later if sxs; lipid panel

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7
Q

PG category for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

avoid

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8
Q

Atorvastatin

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
CYP3A4 metabolism
10mg

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9
Q

Lovastatin

A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
cautious use in decreased renal function
40mg

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10
Q

Pravastatin

A

not CYP450 metabolized; caution in renal, hepatic dysfunction
40mg

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11
Q

Rosuvastatin

A

second most potent for combo LDL/Trig reduction; caution renal/hepatic dysfunction
5mg

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12
Q

Simvastatin

A

no longer use 80mg dose, caution in renal dysfunction

20mg

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13
Q

Fluvastatin

A

daily or twice daily dosing

80mg

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14
Q

Drug class for Cholestyramine

A

bile-acid sequestrant

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15
Q

MoA for Cholestyramine

A

binds bile acids inhibiting enterohepatic circulation of cholesterol

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16
Q

Indications for Cholestyramine

A

hypercholesteremia

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17
Q

SE/ADRs for Cholestyramine

A

constipation, heartburn, nausea, bloating, long term may decrease folate absorption

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18
Q

Contra-indications for Cholestyramine

A

hypersensitivity, bowel or biliary obstruction

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19
Q

Dx-Dx interactions for Cholestyramine

A

not absorbed from bowel

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20
Q

Monitoring for Cholestyramine

A

lipid panel

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21
Q

PG category for Cholestyramine

A

PG B

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22
Q

What should we be cautious about with Cholestyramine & Colesevelam?

A

constipation

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23
Q

Drug class for Colesevelam

A

bile-acid sequestrant

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24
Q

MoA for Colesevelam

A

binds bile acids inhibiting enterohepatic circulation of cholesterol

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25
Indications for Colesevelam
LDL reduction, DM2, usually adjunct
26
SE/ADRs for Colesevelam
constipation, heartburn, nausea, bloating, long term may decrease folate absorption
27
Contra-indications for Colesevelam
hypersensitivity, bowel or biliary obstruction
28
Dx-Dx interactions for Colesevelam
not absorbed from bowel
29
Monitoring for Colesevelam
lipid panel
30
PG category for Colesevelam
PG C
31
Drug class for Gemfibrazil & Fenofibrate
fabric acid
32
MoA for Gemfibrazil & Fenofibrate
unknown; possible changes in various enzymes involved in VLDL & IDL metabolism
33
Indications for Gemfibrazil & Fenofibrate
hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL
34
SE/ADRs for Gemfibrazil & Fenofibrate
fatigue, N/V, dyspepsia, diarrhea, flatulence, potentiates Warfarin
35
Contra-indications for Gemfibrazil & Fenofibrate
hypersensitivity, hepatic or severe renal disease, GB disease
36
Dx-Dx interactions for Gemfibrazil & Fenofibrate
caution with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, avoid w/ Clopidogrel, Repaglinide, Warfarin
37
Monitoring for Gemfibrazil & Fenofibrate
hepatic function, LDH, Alk phos, eGFR, lipid panel, glucose, CK
38
PG category for Gemfibrazil & Fenofibrate
PG C
39
Drug class for Niacin
nicotinic acid
40
MoA for Niacin
inhibits fatty acid release from adipose tissue & hepatic trig production
41
Indications for Niacin
hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL, high LDL
42
SE/ADRs for Niacin
flushing, itching, arrhythmias, decrease glucose tolerance, gout, blurred vision
43
Contra-indications for Niacin
alcoholism, hypersensitivity, peptic ulcer
44
Dx-Dx interactions for Niacin
may increase [HMG-CoA RI]
45
Monitoring for Niacin
uric acid, blood glucose, lipids
46
PG category for Niacin
PG C
47
Drug class for Exetimibe
cholesterol absorption inhibitor
48
MoA for Exetimibe
decrease absorption of cholesterol from GI tract
49
Indications for Exetimibe
hypercholesteremia
50
SE/ADRs for Exetimibe
minimal
51
Contra-indications for Exetimibe
active hepatic disease, hypersensitivity
52
Dx-Dx interactions for Exetimibe
fibrates
53
Monitoring for Exetimibe
liver function
54
PG category for Exetimibe
PG C
55
Drug class for Omega 3 Fatty Acids
other
56
MoA for Omega 3 Fatty Acids
unknown
57
Indications for Omega 3 Fatty Acids
high Trig despite diet, alcohol restriction, fibrates
58
SE/ADRs for Omega 3 Fatty Acids
diarrhea, belching, dyspepsia, change in taste, angina, flue type syndrome, excess bleeding
59
Contra-indications for Omega 3 Fatty Acids
fish allergy
60
Dx-Dx interactions for Omega 3 Fatty Acids
anticoagulants
61
Monitoring for Omega 3 Fatty Acids
lipids
62
PG category for Omega 3 Fatty Acids
PG C
63
Drug class for Evolocumab
PCSK9 inhibitor
64
MoA for Evolocumab
human monoclonal antibody that binds to proportion converts subtilisin kexin type 9 inhibiting the degradation of LDLR; this increases the # of LDLRs available to clear LDL from the blood, thereby lowering LDL-C levels
65
Indications for Evolocumab
drug resistance hyperlipidemia, esp homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
66
SE/ADRs for Evolocumab
nasopharyngitis, HTN, gastroenteritis, URIs
67
Contra-indications for Evolocumab
hypersensitivity
68
Dx-Dx interactions for Evolocumab
unknown
69
Monitoring for Evolocumab
lipid profile
70
PG category for Evolocumab
unknown
71
How is Evolocumab administered?
new drug class; admin SQ

Pharmacology (16 decks)

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