Dermatology Flashcards
(148 cards)
1
Q
Drug class for Bacitracin
A
topical antibiotic
2
Q
MoA for Bacitracin
A
inhibits cell wall formation by interfering w/ incorporation of peptidoglycan subunits in bacterial cell wall
3
Q
Indications for Bacitracin
A
superficial G+ skin or mucosal infections
4
Q
SE/ADRs for Bacitracin
A
burning sensation
5
Q
Contra-indications for Bacitracin
A
hypersensitivity
6
Q
Dx-Dx interactions for Bacitracin
A
none
7
Q
Why is Bacitracin only used topically?
A
highly nephrotoxic systemically
8
Q
Drug class for Mupirocin
A
topical antibiotic
9
Q
MoA for Mupirocin
A
reversibly binds to tRNA synthase & inhibits bacterial protein synthesis
10
Q
Indications for Mupirocin
A
superficial G+ (including MRSA) & selected G- skin, mucosal infections; impetigo
11
Q
SE/ADRs for Mupirocin
A
burning, stinging
12
Q
Contra-indications for Mupirocin
A
hypersensitivity
13
Q
Dx-Dx interactions for Mupirocin
A
none
14
Q
Drug class for Polymixin B sulfate
A
topical antibiotic
15
Q
MoA for Polymixin B sulfate
A
interacts w/ phospholipids & disrupt bacterial cell membrane; bind to & inactive endotoxin
16
Q
Indications for Polymixin B sulfate
A
- superficial G- (pseudomonas, E. coli, enterobacter, klebsiella)
- no G+, proteus, & neisseria coverage sec to resistance
17
Q
SE/ADRs for Polymixin B sulfate
A
systemic toxicity includes muscle weakness, apnea, paresthesias, vertigo, slurred speech (but minimally absorbed w/ topical use)
18
Q
Contra-indications for Polymixin B sulfate
A
ESRD
19
Q
Dx-Dx interactions for Polymixin B sulfate
A
aminoglycosides
20
Q
Monitoring for Polymixin B sulfate
A
CrCl for long term or high dose use, local response
21
Q
Monitoring for Bacitracin
A
local response
22
Q
Monitoring for Mupirocin
A
local response
23
Q
Drug class for Nystatin
A
oral/topical antifungal
24
Q
MoA for Nystatin
A
binds to sterols in fungal cell membrane, increasing cell permeability
25
Indications for Nystatin
topical skin & mucosal candida infections only
26
SE/ADRs for Nystatin
N/D, bitter taste, contact dermatitis, SJS
27
Contra-indications for Nystatin
hypersensitivity
28
Dx-Dx interactions for Nystatin
none
29
Monitoring for Nystatin
local response
30
PG category for Nystatin
PG C
31
Drug class for Ciclopirox Olamine
topical antifungal
32
MoA for Ciclopirox Olamine
inhibits uptake of precursors of macromolecular synthesis inhibiting fungal cell membrane formation
33
Indications for Ciclopirox Olamine
dermatophytes, candida, P orbiculare
34
SE/ADRs for Ciclopirox Olamine
HA, alopecia, dry skin, burning, stinging
35
Contra-indications for Ciclopirox Olamine
- hypersensitivity
| - avoid occlusive dressing
36
Dx-Dx interactions for Ciclopirox Olamine
none
37
Monitoring for Ciclopirox Olamine
local response
38
PG category for Ciclopirox Olamine
PG B
39
Drug class for Fluconazole
oral antifungal
40
MoA for Fluconazole
alters permeability of fungal cell wall
41
Indications for Fluconazole
candida & dermatophyte fungal infections; crytococcal meningitis (AIDS)
42
SE/ADRs for Fluconazole
N/V, HA, seizures, dizziness, increase cholesterol; chemical hepatitis, SJS
43
Contra-indications for Fluconazole
hypersensitivity; marked renal or hepatic disease
44
Dx-Dx interactions for Fluconazole
HMG-CoA (statins) increase risk rhabdomyolysis
45
Monitoring for Fluconazole
response
46
PG category for Fluconazole
PG C
47
Drug class for Terbinafine
oral/topical antifungal
48
MoA for Terbinafine
inhibits sterol synthesis & disrupts fungal cell wall
49
Indications for Terbinafine
- oral: onychomycosis
| - topical: tinea pedis
50
SE/ADRs for Terbinafine
HA, fever, rash, pruritis, increase AST/ALT
51
Contra-indications for Terbinafine
marked hepatic or renal dysfunction; PG (oral)
52
Dx-Dx interactions for Terbinafine
- tricyclic antidepressants (increase toxicity of TCA)
- decrease codeine effectiveness
- cimetadine increase serum level
53
Monitoring for Terbinafine
hepatic function, CrCl, CBC; response
54
PG category for Terbinafine
PG B
55
Drug class for Acyclovir
nucleoside anti viral oral/topical
56
MoA for Acyclovir
blocks herpes virus nucleic acid synthesis
57
Indications for Acyclovir
HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, EBV, CMV, HHV-6 (tx & suppression)
58
SE/ADRs for Acyclovir
N/D, HA, nephritis, tremors, delirium, seizures w/ overdose
59
Contra-indications for Acyclovir
hypersensitivity
60
Dx-Dx interactions for Acyclovir
- probenicid, cimetidine increase concentration (risk neuro & renal toxicity)
- acyclovir decreases elimination of MTX
61
Monitoring for Acyclovir
CrCl, response
62
PG category for Acyclovir
PG B
63
Drug class for Tretinoin
acne topical
64
MoA for Tretinoin
bind to RARs & RXRs to regulate gene expression & increases epidermal cell turnover
65
Indications for Tretinoin
acne vulgaris & adjunct for tx skin photoaging
66
SE/ADRs for Tretinoin
erythema, dryness, stinging, pigmentation changes, potent teratogen
67
Contra-indications for Tretinoin
hypersensitivity
68
Dx-Dx interactions for Tretinoin
astringents, abrasives, drying agents
69
Monitoring for Tretinoin
PG, response
70
PG category for Tretinoin
PG C
71
Drug class for Isotretinoin
acne oral
72
MoA for Isotretinoin
undefined to normalize keratinization in sebaceous gland follicle & inhibit sebaceous gland size & function; reduces P. acne numbers
73
Indications for Isotretinoin
oral tx of refractory, severe cystic acne
74
SE/ADRs for Isotretinoin
dryness, itching, HA, corneal opacities, anorexia myalgias, arthraglias, hyperostosis, lipid increase, abnormal menses, bronchospasm, photosensitivity, IBD, hepatotoxicity, premature epiphyseal closure
75
Drug class for Benzyl Peroxide
acne topical
76
MoA for Benzyl Peroxide
undefined but maybe antimicrobial activity against P. acnes, peeling & comedolytic activity
77
Indications for Benzyl Peroxide
acne vulgaris
78
SE/ADRs for Benzyl Peroxide
dry skin, pruritus, peeling, sunburn, oxidant (may bleach hair or fabrics), contact sensitizer (1%)
79
Contra-indications for Benzyl Peroxide
hypersensitivity
80
Dx-Dx interactions for Benzyl Peroxide
none
81
Monitoring for Benzyl Peroxide
response
82
Drug class for Adapaline
acne topical product
83
MoA for Adapaline
retinoid-like compound, a modulate or cellular differentiation, keratinization, & inflammatory processes, all of which features in the pathology of acne vulgaris
84
Indications for Adapaline
mild to moderate acne
85
SE/ADRs for Adapaline
sun sensitization, irritation of skin; dryness, erythema of skin, stinging
86
Contra-indications for Adapaline
broken, abraded, sunburned, or eczematous skin
87
Dx-Dx interactions for Adapaline
Vitamins ADEK may amplify photosensitization effect
88
Monitoring for Adapaline
skin irritation, photosensitization
89
PG category for Adapaline
PG C
90
Drug class for Permethrin
topical pediculicide (antiparasitic agent)
91
MoA for Permethrin
inhibits Na channel in parasite cell membrane disrupting nerve transmission causing paralysis & death
92
Indications for Permethrin
5% cream-scabies
| 1% cream rinse-head lice
93
SE/ADRs for Permethrin
skin irritation
94
Contra-indications for Permethrin
external use only
95
Dx-Dx interactions for Permethrin
none
96
Monitoring for Permethrin
skin irritation, resolution of parasitic infection
97
PG category for Permethrin
PG B
98
Drug class for Triamcinolone acetone 0.025%
topical steroid intermediate efficacy
99
MoA for Triamcinolone acetone 0.025% & 0.5% & Clobetasol proprionate
attaches to GR receptor & inhibits protein synthesis
100
Indications for Triamcinolone acetone 0.025% & 0.5% & Clobetasol proprionate
anti-inflammatory
101
SE/ADRs for Triamcinolone acetone 0.025 & 0.5% & Clobetasol proprionate
striae, easy brushing, fat distribution changes, skin atrophy, hyperglycemia, HPA suppression, HTN, increases susceptibility to infection, myopathy, behavioral disturbances, cataracts
102
Contra-indications for Triamcinolone acetone 0.025% & 0.5% & Clobetasol proprionate
gastric ulcer, osteoporosis
103
Dx-Dx interactions for Triamcinolone acetone 0.025% & 0.5% & Clobetasol proprionate
NSAIDs, immunosuppressants
104
Monitoring for Triamcinolone acetone 0.025%& 0.5% & Clobetasol proprionate
long term use: lipids, glucose, CrCl, response
105
PG category for Triamcinolone acetone 0.025% & 0.5% and Clobetasol proprionate
PG C
106
Drug class for Triamcinolone acetonide 0.5%
topical steroid high efficacy
107
Drug class for Clobetasol proprionate
topical steroid highest efficacy
108
When are side effects more likely with Clobetasol proprionate?
With occlusive dressings
109
Drug class for Calcipotriene
psoriasis drug: topical Vit D
110
MoA for Calcipotriene
regulates skin cell production & proliferation
111
Indications for Calcipotriene
moderately severe plaque psoriasis
112
SE/ADRs for Calcipotriene
burning, itching, dry skin; skin atrophy, hyper-pigmentation, hypercalcemia
113
Contra-indications for Calcipotriene
hypersensitivity, hypercalcemia, Vit D toxicity
114
Dx-Dx interactions for Calcipotriene
none
115
Monitoring for Calcipotriene
[Ca+], response
116
Drug class for Sulfasalazine
psoriasis drug: oral
117
MoA for Sulfasalazine
undefined & local impact & systemic impact of decrease prostaglandins & other inflammatory cytokine production
118
Indications for Sulfasalazine
psoriasis (off label), psoriatic arthritis (off label), RA, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's (off label)
119
SE/ ADRs for Sulfasalazine
HA, N/V/D, photosensitivity, hemolytic anemia, SJS/TEN
120
Contra-indications for Sulfasalazine
hepatic impairment
121
Dx-Dx interactions for Sulfasalazine
varicella virus vaccines increase concentration
122
Monitoring for Sulfasalazine
CrCl, LFTs, CBC; response
123
PG category for Sulfasalazine
PG B
124
Drug class for Methotrexate
psoriasis drug: oral folate antimetabolite
125
MoA for Methotrexate
DHFR inhibitor which inhibits proliferation & induces apoptosis of immune inflammatory cells
126
Indications for Methotrexate
psoriasis, RA
127
SE/ADRs for Methotrexate
vasculitis, seizures, alopecia, photosensitivity, hepatic fibrosis, bone marrow suppression, pulmonary fibrosis
128
Contra-indications for Methotrexate
other folate inhibiting drugs, renal or hepatic dysfunction, alcoholic cirrhosis
129
Dx-Dx interactions for Methotrexate
other folate inhibitors
130
Monitoring for Methotrexate
CrCl, liver function, CBC, CSR or PFTs, response
131
PG category for Methotrexate
PG X
132
What is the problem with Methotrexate & other folate inhibiting drugs?
they compete at protein binding sites & can increase MTX serum concentration w/ bone marrow suppression
133
Drug class for Hydroxyurea
psoriasis drug: oral antimetabolite
134
MoA for Hydroxyurea
undefined interference w/ DNA synthesis
135
Indications for Hydroxyurea
psoriasis (off label)
136
SE/ADRs for Hydroxyurea
edema, drowsiness, alopecia, vasculitis, myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, pulmonary fibrosis
137
Contra-indications for Hydroxyurea
hyperuricemia, hepatic or renal impairment
138
Dx-Dx interactions for Hydroxyurea
live vaccines
139
Monitoring for Hydroxyurea
CBC, LFTs, CrCl, uric acid, CXR or PFTs; response
140
PG category for Hydroxyurea
PG D
141
Drug class for Etanercept
psoriasis drug:biologic response modifier (BRM) TNF alpha, beta blocker
142
MoA for Etanercept
blocks TNF alpha receptor binding thereby inhibiting TH1 activity
143
Indications for Etanercept
refractory psoriasis unresponsive to other modalities, psoriatic arthritis, JRA, ankylosing spondylitis
144
SE/ADRs for Etanercept
HA, URIs, activation or reduced resistance to serious infection, anemia, marrow suppression, exacerbation CHF & demyelinating disorders
145
Contra-indications for Etanercept
TB, HIV, Hep B, CHF
146
Dx-Dx interactions for Etanercept
none
147
Monitoring for Etanercept
IPPD, LFTs, CBC, response
148
PG category for Etanercept
PG B
