Chap 1 Biology

Question 1

What is the scientific method?

Answer 1

standard process to study the natural world.

Question 2

How does the scientific method begin?

Answer 2

Observation and questions

Question 3

What are observations?

Answer 3

knowledge amassed before the experiment begins

Question 4

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 4

potential explantations for the observation which can be supported or falsified by the data

Question 5

Steps of the Scientific Method

Answer 5

Observation, ask a question, consult prior knowledge, hypothesis, make prediction, design experiment, collect/interpret data, draw conclusion, peer review, publish.

Question 6

What is an experimental design?

Answer 6

a careful plan

Question 7

What is a sample size?

Answer 7

Number of subjects in a group

Question 8

What is the Independent Variable?

Answer 8

what is manipulated

Question 9

What is the Dependent Variable?

Answer 9

what is measured

Question 10

What is the Standardized Variable?

Answer 10

held constant for all subjects

Question 11

What a control?

Answer 11

untreated group used for comparison

Question 12

What is used to interpret data?

Answer 12

statistical analysis

test the statistical significance

Question 13

What are Theories?

Answer 13

comprehensive explanations

Question 14

What are Facts?

Answer 14

repeatable observations that everyone agrees on

Question 15

What is Technology?

Answer 15

the practical application of scientific knowledge and provides tools for scientific inquiry

Question 16

Five questions to ask when evaluating a scientific claim

Answer 16

1. Does it seem logical?
2. Is the source credible?
3. Are scientific studies cited?
4. Are the experiments well designed?
5. Do data match conclusions?

Question 17

What is Biology?

Answer 17

the scientific study of life

Question 18

What are cells?

Answer 18

the basic unit of life

Question 19

simple celled organisms are…

more complex organisms are…

Answer 19

unicellular

multicellular

Question 20

What is DNA?

Answer 20

the molecule that carries genetic information

Question 21

What are the characteristics of life?

Answer 21

Organization
Energy
Internal Constancy
Reproduction, growth, and development
Evolution

Question 22

Levels of Organization

Answer 22

Atom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere

Question 23

What is an organelle?

Answer 23

a membrane-bound structure that has a specific function within a cell

Question 24

What is tissue?

Answer 24

a collection of specialized cells that function in a coordinated fashion

Question 25

What are organs?

Answer 25

a structure consisting of tissue organized to carry out specific functions (leaf)

Question 26

What are organ systems?

Answer 26

organs connected physically or chemically that function together (aboveground part of tree)

Question 27

What is an organism?

Answer 27

a single living individual.

Question 28

What is a population?

Answer 28

a group of the same species of organism living in the same place and time

Question 29

What are communities?

Answer 29

all populations that occupy the same region

Question 30

What are ecosystems?

Answer 30

the living and nonliving components of an area

Question 31

What is the biosphere?

Answer 31

the global ecosystem; planet and atmosphere

Question 32

what does organization lead to?

Answer 32

Emergent Properties

Question 33

What is Energy needed for?

Answer 33

``` Keeping Organized Carrying out chemical rxns Transporting molecules inside and among cells Maintaining internal constancy Reproducing, growing, and developing ```

Question 34

do all organisms obtain energy?

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

What are producers (primary)?

Answer 35

extract energy and nutrients from the non living environment (plants)

Question 36

What are consumers?

Answer 36

obtain energy and nutrients by eating other organisms (bug)

Question 37

What are decomposers?

Answer 37

consumers that obtain nutrients from dead organisms and organic wastes

Question 38

What is homeostasis?

Answer 38

the process by which a cell or organism maintains internal constancy

Question 39

How can organisms reproduce?

Answer 39

asexually | sexually

Question 40

What is asexual reproduction?

Answer 40

only one parent is involved, and the offspring is genetically identical to the parent.

Question 41

Where is asexual reproduction a successful strategy?

Answer 41

unchanging environments

Question 42

What is sexual reproduction?

Answer 42

two parents are involved, and the offspring are genetically different from the parents.

Question 43

Where is sexual reproduction a successful strategy?

Answer 43

changing environments

Question 44

What is evolution?

Answer 44

the genetic change over time in a population

Question 45

What do scientists use to name and classify organisms?

Answer 45

taxonomy

Question 46

How many levels of taxonomic hierarchy?

Answer 46

8

Question 47

List levels of taxonomic hierarchy?

Answer 47

``` Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species ```

Question 48

List the Domains

Answer 48

Domain Bacteria Domain Archaea Domain Eukarya

Question 49

List the Kingdoms under Domain Eukarya

Answer 49

Animals Fungi Plants Protista

Question 50

Characteristics of bacteria and archaea

Answer 50

prokaryotic and unicellular

Question 51

What are prokaryotes?

Answer 51

cells lack nuclei and other compartments

Question 52

Characteristics of Protista

Answer 52

Uni or multicellular | autotrophs or heterotrophs

Question 53

Characteristics of Animalia

Answer 53

multicellular | heterotrophs

Question 54

Characteristics of Fungi

Answer 54

most multicellular | heterotrophs

Question 55

Characteristics of Plantae

Answer 55

multicellular | autotrophs

Question 56

What are heterotrophs?

Answer 56

consumers

Question 57

What are autotrophs?

Answer 57

producers

Question 58

How is Domain Eukarya different from the other two?

Answer 58

they have larger more complex cells with nuclei