Chapter 1

Question 1

organization of living systems begins with …, which make up basic building blocks called …

Answer 1

atoms; elements

Question 2

… is the basic structural and functional unit of all living things

Answer 2

cell

Question 3

… organisms are single celled organisms that either live …, or as …

Answer 3

unicellular; independently; as colonies

Question 4

… organisms are made up of many cells that work together

Answer 4

multicellular

Question 5

different cells combine to make up

Answer 5

tissues

Question 6

tissues combine to make up an

Answer 6

organ

Question 7

specific organs work together as an

Answer 7

organ system

Question 8

multicellular organisms contain

Answer 8

organ systems

Question 9

a species in a particular area constitutes a

Answer 9

population

Question 10

interacting populations in a particular area comprise a

Answer 10

community

Question 11

a …plus its …. is an ecosystem

Answer 11

community; physical environment

Question 12

the … is comprised of regions of the earth’s crust, waters, and atmosphere inhabited by …

Answer 12

biosphere; organisms

Question 13

each level of organization is more … than the level preceding it

Answer 13

complex

Question 14

each level of organization has … due to interactions between the parts …, all of these follow the laws of … and …

Answer 14

emergent properties; making up the whole; physics; chemistry

Question 15

maintaining organization and conducting life-sustaining processes require an outside source of …, defined as the capacity to ..

Answer 15

energy; do work

Question 16

…. is all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell

Answer 16

metabolism

Question 17

the ultimate source of energy for nearly all life on earth is the ….; plants and certain other organisms convert … into … by the process of …

Answer 17

sun; solar energy; chemical energy; photosynthesis

Question 18

all organisms must maintain a state of biological balance, called

Answer 18

homeostasis

Question 19

response often results in … of the organism. responses help ensure … and allow the organism to carry out its …

Answer 19

movement; survival; biological activities

Question 20

the collective responses of an organism constitute its

Answer 20

behavior

Question 21

… are modifications that make organisms better able to function in an environment

Answer 21

adaptations

Question 22

… includes changes in organisms to better adapt to their environment over long periods of tiem

Answer 22

evolution

Question 23

… is the discipline of identifying and grouping organisms according to certain rules

Answer 23

taxonomy

Question 24

…. is the study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms

Answer 24

systematics

Question 25

from least incluse to more inclusive, sequence of classification categories is:

Answer 25

species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain

Question 26

the species within one genus share many ... characteristics and are most .., while species in the same kingdom share only ... characteristics with one another

Answer 26

specific; closely related; general;

Question 27

3 domains are:

Answer 27

bacteria, archae, eukarya

Question 28

bacteria + archaea contain ..., eukarya contains ... that have a ...

Answer 28

unicellular prokaryotes; eukaryotes; membrane-bound nucleus

Question 29

archaea can live in ... devoid of ... and are able to survive ... environmental conditions

Answer 29

water; oxygen; harsh

Question 30

bacteria are adapted to live almost

Answer 30

anywhere

Question 31

domains ... are not yet categorized into kingdoms

Answer 31

archaea; bacteria

Question 32

eukarya contains four kingdoms:

Answer 32

protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

Question 33

protists (protista): range from ... forms to ... forms

Answer 33

unicellular; multicellular

Question 34

plants (plantae): multicellular ... organisms

Answer 34

photosynthetic

Question 35

fungi (fungi):

Answer 35

molds & mushrooms

Question 36

animals (animalia) multicellular organisms that ... and ... food

Answer 36

ingest; process

Question 37

binomial nomenclature: 2 part ..., first part is ... and second is ...

Answer 37

scientific name; genus; species

Question 38

interactions between various food chains make up a

Answer 38

food web

Question 39

ecosystems are characterized by ... and ...

Answer 39

chemical cycling; energy flow

Question 40

ecosystems stay in existence because of a constant input of .. and the ability of photosynthetic organisms to ...

Answer 40

solar energy; absorb it

Question 41

two biologically diverse ecosystems: ... and .. are severely threatened by human population

Answer 41

rain forests; coral reefs

Question 42

destruction of healthy ecosystems has unintended effects including: loss of .., ..., raw ..., and ... of organisms

Answer 42

food; medicine; materials; extinction

Question 43

biodiversity is the total nmber of ..., their variable ..., and their ...

Answer 43

species; genes; ecosystems

Question 44

... is the death of a species or larger group; perhaps ... species endure this daily

Answer 44

extinction; 400

Question 45

``` characteristics of life: living things acquire ... and ... living things maintain ... living things ... living things .. and ... living things have ... ```

Answer 45

materials; energy; homeostasis; respond; reproduce; develop; adaptations