Chapter 11 - Male Reproductive System Flashcards by Dana Schatz

motile

able to move

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seminal vesicles

secrete material to help the sperm move

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ejaculatory duct

leads to the prostate gland and the urethra.

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prostatic fluid

provides a milky color to semen and helps the sperm move.

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Identical twins

the result of one ovum’s splitting after it has been fertilized by a single sperm.

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Fraternal twins

the result of two sperm fertilizing two ova.

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Cowper’s gland/ bulbourethral gland

After William Cowper (1666–1709), English anatomist; One of two glands below the prostate that secrete a fluid to lubricate the inside of the urethra.

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ejaculation

Expulsion of semen outside the body.

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epididymis

Group of ducts at the top of the testis where sperm are stored.

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flagellum

Tail at the end of a sperm that helps it move.

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foreskin

Flap of skin covering the glans penis; removed by circumcision in many cultures.

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glans penis

Sensitive area at the tip of the penis.

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penis

Male reproductive part that covers the urethra on the outside of the body.

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perineum

Area between the penis and the anus.

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prostate gland

Gland surrounding the urethra that emits a fluid to help the sperm move and contracts its muscular tissue during ejaculation to help the sperm exit the body.

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scrotum

Sac outside the body containing the testicles.

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semen

Thick, whitish fluid containing spermatozoa and secretions from the seminal vesicles, Cowper’s glands, and prostate; ejaculated from the penis.

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sperm

male sex cell that contains chromosomes.; spermatozoon (pl., spermatozoa)

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spermatogenesis

Production of sperm.

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testis (pl., testes)

One of a pair of male organs that produce sperm and are contained in the scrotum; testicles

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testosterone

Primary male hormone.

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vas deferens

Narrow tube through which sperm leave the epididymis and travel to the seminal vesicles and into the urethra.

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andr(o)

men

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balan(o)

glans penis

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epididym(o)

epididymis

orch(o), orchi(o), orchid(o)

testes

prostat(o) prostate gland

sperm(o), spermat(o) sperm

AIH

artificial insemination homologous

BPH

benign prostatic hypertrophy

PED

penile erectile dysfunction

PSA

prostate-specific antigen

SPP

suprapubic prostatectomy

TUIP

transurethral incision of the prostate

TUNA

transurethral needle ablation

TURP

transurethral resection of the prostate

digital rectal exam (DRE)

the insertion of a finger into the rectum to check the prostate for abnormalities, tenderness, or irregularities.

prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test

Blood test for prostate cancer.

semen analysis

Observation of semen for viability of sperm.

urethrogram

X-ray of the urethra and prostate.

anorchism

Congenital absence of one or both testicles.

aspermia

Inability to produce sperm.

azoospermia

Semen without living sperm.

balanitis

Inflammation of the glans penis.

chancroids

Bacterial infection that can be sexually transmitted; results in sores on the penis, urethra, or anus.

cryptorchism

Birth defect with the failure of one or both of the testicles to descend into the scrotal sac.

epididymitis

inflammation of the epididymis.

epispadias

Birth defect with abnormal opening of the urethra on the top side of the penis.

hernia

Abnormal protrusion of tissue through muscle that contains it.

hydrocele

Fluid-containing hernia of the testis.

hypospadias

Birth defect with abnormal opening of the urethra on the bottom side of the penis.

impotence

Inability to maintain an erection for ejaculation.

infertility

Inability to fertilize ova.

oligospermia

Scanty production of sperm.

Peyronie’s disease

After Francois de la Peyronie (1678–1747), French surgeon; Abnormal curvature of the penis caused by hardening in the interior of the penis.

phimosis

Abnormal narrowing of the opening of the foreskin.

priapism

Persistent, painful erection of the penis.

prostatitis

Inflammation of the prostate.

seminoma

Malignant tumor of the testicle.

varicocele

Enlargement of veins of the spermatic cord.

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

removal of a portion of the prostate through the urethra

transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT)

the Prostatron, an FDA-approved device, sends computer-regulated microwaves through a catheter to heat and destroy selected portions of the prostate.

transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP)

surgeon places one or two small cuts in the prostate. This relieves pressure without trimming away tissue.

trans-urethral needle ablation (TUNA)

burns away excess prostate tissue using radio waves. It helps with urine flow, relieves symptoms, and may have fewer side effects than TURP.

castration

Removal of the testicles.

circumcision

Removal of the foreskin.

epididymectomy

Removal of an epididymis.

orchidectomy

Removal of a testicle.

orchiectomy

Removal of a testicle.

prostatectomy

Removal of the prostate.

vasectomy

Removal of part of the vas deferens to prevent conception.

vasovasostomy

Reversal of a vasectomy.

transient vasoconstrictors

medications that cause temporary constriction of the blood vessels in the penis.

Chapter 11 - Male Reproductive System Flashcards

(73 cards)