Chapter 15 Flashcards
1
Q
Opacity that forms on the lens and impairs vision
A
Cataract
2
Q
Complete color blindness
A
Achromatopsia
3
Q
Inability to see well in dim light
A
Nyctalopia
4
Q
Instrument for examining the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye
A
Gonioscope
5
Q
Complete deafness
A
Anacusis
6
Q
Infection of the external auditory canal
A
Otitis externa
7
Q
Measurement of refractive errors
A
Diopter
8
Q
Instrument that measures the internal pressure of the eye
A
Tonometer
9
Q
Area in which objects are seen when the eye is in a fixed position
A
Visual field
10
Q
Abnormal overflow of tears
A
Epiphora
11
Q
A condition in which one eye is misaligned with the other eye; also called heterotropia
A
Strabismus
12
Q
Disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive hearing loss
A
Meniere Disease
13
Q
Refers to the wet form of macular degeneration
A
Neovascular
14
Q
Feeling of dizziness or spinning
A
Vertigo
15
Q
Outward deviation of the eye
A
Extropia
16
Q
Removal of the eye
A
Enucleation
17
Q
Tumor of the eyelid
A
Chalazion
18
Q
“Lazy eye” syndrome
A
Amblyopia
19
Q
Neoplastic disease of the eye found primarily in children
A
Retinoblastoma
20
Q
Perception of ringing in the ears with no external stimuli
A
Tinnitus
21
Q
Test that uses different temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve
A
Caloric stimulation test
22
Q
Visual examination of the interior of the eye
A
Opthalmoscopy
23
Q
Artificial device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear
A
Cochlear implant
24
Q
Assess blood vessels and retinal circulation using a colored dye while photographs are taken
A
Fluorescein angiography
25
Corrective surgery for large, small, or deformed ears
Otoplasty
26
Agents that dilate the pupils and paralyze the eye muscles of accommodation
Mydriatics
27
Measurement of the intraocular pressure for detecting glaucoma
Tonometry
28
Determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart
Visual acuity test
29
Removal of the contents of the eyeball, leaving the sclera and cornea
Evisceration
30
Treat and prevent nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo
Antiemetics
31
Loosen and help remove impacted cerumen
Wax emulsifiers
32
Removal of the entire eyeball from its orbit
Enucleation
33
Esotropia
ST
34
Constrict small arterioles of the eye to decrease redness and conjunctival congestion
Opthalmic decongestants
35
Extropia
XT
36
Visual examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye
Goniscopy
37
Visual examination of the external auditory canal
Otoscopy
38
Measurement of hearing acuity at various frequencies
Audiometry
39
Surgical treatment for nearsightedness that uses small incisions to flatten the cornea
Radial keratotomy
40
Provide temporary relief from earache
Optic analgesics
41
Severe congenital deficiency in color perception
Achromatopsia
42
Inflammation of the conjunctiva with vascular congestion, producing a red or pink eye (viral, bacterial, fungal, or allergy)
Conjunctivitis
43
Medial movement of the two eyeballs so that they are both directed at the object being viewed
Convergence
44
Measurement of refractive error
Diopter
45
Eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid
Ectropion
46
State of normal vision
Emmetropia
47
Inversion or inward turning of the edge of the lower eyelid
Entropion
48
Protrusion of one or both eyeballs
Exophthalmos
49
Localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection; also called a stye
Hordeolum
50
Visual distortion of objects
Metamorphopsia
51
Impaired vision in dim light; aka night blindness
Nyctalopia
52
Involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision
Nystagmus
53
Edema and hyperemia of the optic disc usually associated with increased intracranial pressure
Papilledema
54
Unusual tolerance and sensitivity to light
Photophobia
55
Loss of accommodation of the crystalline lens associated with the aging process
Presbyopia
56
Any disorder of retinal blood vessels
Retinopathy
57
Chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis common in southwestern US that typically leads to blindness
Trachoma
58
Complete deafness
Anacusis
59
Blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear (conduction pathway)
Conduction impairment
60
Inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process
Labyrinthitis
61
Condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, caused by sounds that are "too long, too loud, or too close"
Noise-induced hearing loss
62
Impairment of hearing resulting from old age
Presbyacusis
63
Tubes that are inserted through the tympanic membrane, commonly to treat chronic otitis media
Pressure equalizing tubes
64
Method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring electrical activity of the extraocular muscles
Electronystagmography
65
Measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels
Opthalmodynamometry
66
Evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force
Tonometry
67
Evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays
Retinoscopy
68
Radiographic imaging procedures of the nasolacrimal glands and ducts
Dacryocystography
69
Exercises intended to improve eye movements or visual tracking that use training glasses, prism glasses, or tinted or colored lenses
Orthoptic training
70
Cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly form as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to the sun
Blepharoplasty
71
Formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma
Cyclodialysis
72
Surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process
Mastoid antrotomy
73
Method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate a cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed
Phacoemulsification
74
Incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism
Radial keratotomy
75
Surgical formation of an opening of the sclera
Sclerostomy
76
Method used to evaluate sound conduction using a vibrating tuning fork
Tuning fork test
77
Tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction (BC) versus air conduction (AC) of sound
Rinne test
78
Tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time
Weber test
79
Reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation; also called myringoplasty
Tympanoplasty
80
Inhibit growth of microorganisms that infect the eye
Eye antibiotics Opthalmic Erythromycin base
81
Decrease aqueous humor production by constricting the pupil to open the angle between the iris and cornea
Antiglaucoma agents Timolol Acetazolamide
82
Drugs that disrupt parasympathetic nerve supply to the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjunctival congestion
Mydriatics Atropine sulfate
83
Constrict the small arterioles of the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjunctival congestion
Opthalmic decongestion Tetrahydrozoline
84
Soothe dry eyes due to environmental irritants and allergens
Opthalmic moisturizers Buffered isotonic solutions
85
Treat and prevent nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion or inhibiting stimuli
Ear antiemetics Meclizine
86
Error of refraction when light rays fail to focus sharply on the retina
Ametropia
87
Farsightedness
Hyperopia Hypermetropia
88
Form of farsightedness related to aging
Presbyopia
89
Form of ametropia in which cornea or lens has a defective curvature
Astigmatism
90
Procedure that changes the shape of the cornea as an alternative to corrective lenses
Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis LASIK
91
Opacities that form on the lens and impair vision
Cataracts
92
Treatment for clouded lens by emulsifying it using ultrasound or a laser probe; typically referred to as small incision cataract surgery SICS (cataract is broken down into small pieces that can be removed through the tiny incision)
Phacoemulsification
93
Increased intraocular pressure caused by the failure of aqueous humor to drain from the eye through a tiny duct called canal of schlemm
Glaucoma
94
Chronic form of glaucoma
Open angle Simple Wide angle
95
Acute form of glaucoma
Angle closure Narrow angle glaucoma
96
Glaucoma is diagnosed by this; screening test that measures intraocular pressure by determining the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force
Tonometry
97
Measures intraocular pressure
Tonometer
98
Visualizes the anterior chamber angle
Gonioscope
99
Test of tonometry that uses numbing drops
Applanation tonometry
100
Medication that make pupils constrict
Miotics
101
Also called heterotropia or tropia; condition in which one eye is misaligned with the other and the eyes don't focus simultaneously
Strabismus
102
Misalignment of the eyes inward
Esotropia
103
Misalignment of eyes outward
Extropia
104
Binocular perception of depth or three dimensional space
Stereopsis
105
Lazy eye syndrome
Amblyopia
106
Deterioration of the macula
Macular degeneration
107
More severe form of macular degeneration. Small blood vessels form under the macula...blood and fluid leak from these vessels and destroy visual cells
Wet or neovascular age related macular degeneration
108
Laser surgery to destroy neovasculation in age related macular degeneration
Laser photocoagulation
109
Form of ARMD in which small yellowish deposits called drusen develop on the macula and interfere with central vision
Dry ARMD
110
Pain
Synalgia
111
Inflammation of middle ear
Otitis media
112
Pus draining from the ear
Otopyorrhea
113
Infection of mastoid process
Mastoiditis
114
Inflammation of brain tissue near middle ear
Otoencephalitis
115
Meds to relieve pain
Analgesic
116
Incision of the eardrum
Myringotomy, tympanotomy
117
Help drain fluid from middle ear
Pressure equalizing tubes
118
Abnormal hardening of bones in middle ear that cause hearing loss
Otosclerosis
119
Removing part of the stapes
Stapedectomy
120
Name two neoplastic diseases
Retinoblastoma Melanoma
121
Removal of affected eyes as a treatment for retinoblastoma
Enucleation
122
Cataract
Opacity that forms on the lens and impairs vision
123
Achromatopsia
Complete color blindness
124
Nyctalopia
Inability to see well in dim light
125
Gonioscope
Instrument for examining the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye
126
Anacusis
Complete deafness
127
Otitis externa
Infection of the external auditory canal
128
Diopter
Measurement of refractive errors
129
Tonometer
Instrument that measures the internal pressure of the eye
130
Visual field
Area in which objects are seen when the eye is in a fixed position
131
Epiphora
Abnormal overflow of tears
132
Strabismus
A condition in which one eye is misaligned with the other eye; also called heterotropia
133
Meniere Disease
Disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive hearing loss
134
Neovascular
Refers to the wet form of macular degeneration
135
Vertigo
Feeling of dizziness or spinning
136
Extropia
Outward deviation of the eye
137
Enucleation
Removal of the eye
138
Chalazion
Tumor of the eyelid
139
Amblyopia
"Lazy eye" syndrome
140
Retinoblastoma
Neoplastic disease of the eye found primarily in children
141
Tinnitus
Perception of ringing in the ears with no external stimuli
142
Caloric stimulation test
Test that uses different temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve
143
Opthalmoscopy
Visual examination of the interior of the eye
144
Cochlear implant
Artificial device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear
145
Fluorescein angiography
Assess blood vessels and retinal circulation using a colored dye while photographs are taken
146
Otoplasty
Corrective surgery for large, small, or deformed ears
147
Mydriatics
Agents that dilate the pupils and paralyze the eye muscles of accommodation
148
Tonometry
Measurement of the intraocular pressure for detecting glaucoma
149
Visual acuity test
Determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart
150
Evisceration
Removal of the contents of the eyeball, leaving the sclera and cornea
151
Antiemetics
Treat and prevent nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo
152
Wax emulsifiers
Loosen and help remove impacted cerumen
153
Enucleation
Removal of the entire eyeball from its orbit
154
ST
Esotropia
155
Opthalmic decongestants
Constrict small arterioles of the eye to decrease redness and conjunctival congestion
156
XT
Extropia
157
Goniscopy
Visual examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye
158
Otoscopy
Visual examination of the external auditory canal
159
Audiometry
Measurement of hearing acuity at various frequencies
160
Radial keratotomy
Surgical treatment for nearsightedness that uses small incisions to flatten the cornea
161
Optic analgesics
Provide temporary relief from earache
162
Achromatopsia
Severe congenital deficiency in color perception
163
Conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the conjunctiva with vascular congestion, producing a red or pink eye (viral, bacterial, fungal, or allergy)
164
Convergence
Medial movement of the two eyeballs so that they are both directed at the object being viewed
165
Diopter
Measurement of refractive error
166
Ectropion
Eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid
167
Emmetropia
State of normal vision
168
Entropion
Inversion or inward turning of the edge of the lower eyelid
169
Exophthalmos
Protrusion of one or both eyeballs
170
Hordeolum
Localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection; also called a stye
171
Metamorphopsia
Visual distortion of objects
172
Nyctalopia
Impaired vision in dim light; aka night blindness
173
Nystagmus
Involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision
174
Papilledema
Edema and hyperemia of the optic disc usually associated with increased intracranial pressure
175
Photophobia
Unusual tolerance and sensitivity to light
176
Presbyopia
Loss of accommodation of the crystalline lens associated with the aging process
177
Retinopathy
Any disorder of retinal blood vessels
178
Trachoma
Chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis common in southwestern US that typically leads to blindness
179
Anacusis
Complete deafness
180
Conduction impairment
Blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear (conduction pathway)
181
Labyrinthitis
Inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process
182
Noise-induced hearing loss
Condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, caused by sounds that are "too long, too loud, or too close"
183
Presbyacusis
Impairment of hearing resulting from old age
184
Pressure equalizing tubes
Tubes that are inserted through the tympanic membrane, commonly to treat chronic otitis media
185
Electronystagmography
Method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring electrical activity of the extraocular muscles
186
Opthalmodynamometry
Measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels
187
Tonometry
Evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force
188
Retinoscopy
Evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays
189
Dacryocystography
Radiographic imaging procedures of the nasolacrimal glands and ducts
190
Orthoptic training
Exercises intended to improve eye movements or visual tracking that use training glasses, prism glasses, or tinted or colored lenses
191
Blepharoplasty
Cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly form as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to the sun
192
Cyclodialysis
Formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma
193
Mastoid antrotomy
Surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process
194
Phacoemulsification
Method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate a cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed
195
Radial keratotomy
Incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism
196
Sclerostomy
Surgical formation of an opening of the sclera
197
Tuning fork test
Method used to evaluate sound conduction using a vibrating tuning fork
198
Rinne test
Tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction (BC) versus air conduction (AC) of sound
199
Weber test
Tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time
200
Tympanoplasty
Reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation; also called myringoplasty
201
Eye antibiotics Opthalmic Erythromycin base
Inhibit growth of microorganisms that infect the eye
202
Antiglaucoma agents Timolol Acetazolamide
Decrease aqueous humor production by constricting the pupil to open the angle between the iris and cornea
203
Mydriatics Atropine sulfate
Drugs that disrupt parasympathetic nerve supply to the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjunctival congestion
204
Opthalmic decongestion Tetrahydrozoline
Constrict the small arterioles of the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjunctival congestion
205
Opthalmic moisturizers Buffered isotonic solutions
Soothe dry eyes due to environmental irritants and allergens
206
Ear antiemetics Meclizine
Treat and prevent nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion or inhibiting stimuli
207
Ametropia
Error of refraction when light rays fail to focus sharply on the retina
208
Hyperopia Hypermetropia
Farsightedness
209
Presbyopia
Form of farsightedness related to aging
210
Astigmatism
Form of ametropia in which cornea or lens has a defective curvature
211
Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis LASIK
Procedure that changes the shape of the cornea as an alternative to corrective lenses
212
Cataracts
Opacities that form on the lens and impair vision
213
Phacoemulsification
Treatment for clouded lens by emulsifying it using ultrasound or a laser probe; typically referred to as small incision cataract surgery SICS (cataract is broken down into small pieces that can be removed through the tiny incision)
214
Glaucoma
Increased intraocular pressure caused by the failure of aqueous humor to drain from the eye through a tiny duct called canal of schlemm
215
Open angle Simple Wide angle
Chronic form of glaucoma
216
Angle closure Narrow angle glaucoma
Acute form of glaucoma
217
Tonometry
Glaucoma is diagnosed by this; screening test that measures intraocular pressure by determining the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force
218
Tonometer
Measures intraocular pressure
219
Gonioscope
Visualizes the anterior chamber angle
220
Applanation tonometry
Test of tonometry that uses numbing drops
221
Miotics
Medication that make pupils constrict
222
Strabismus
Also called heterotropia or tropia; condition in which one eye is misaligned with the other and the eyes don't focus simultaneously
223
Esotropia
Misalignment of the eyes inward
224
Extropia
Misalignment of eyes outward
225
Stereopsis
Binocular perception of depth or three dimensional space
226
Amblyopia
Lazy eye syndrome
227
Macular degeneration
Deterioration of the macula
228
Wet or neovascular age related macular degeneration
More severe form of macular degeneration. Small blood vessels form under the macula...blood and fluid leak from these vessels and destroy visual cells
229
Laser photocoagulation
Laser surgery to destroy neovasculation in age related macular degeneration
230
Dry ARMD
Form of ARMD in which small yellowish deposits called drusen develop on the macula and interfere with central vision
231
Synalgia
Pain
232
Otitis media
Inflammation of middle ear
233
Otopyorrhea
Pus draining from the ear
234
Mastoiditis
Infection of mastoid process
235
Otoencephalitis
Inflammation of brain tissue near middle ear
236
Analgesic
Meds to relieve pain
237
Myringotomy, tympanotomy
Incision of the eardrum
238
Pressure equalizing tubes
Help drain fluid from middle ear
239
Otosclerosis
Abnormal hardening of bones in middle ear that cause hearing loss
240
Stapedectomy
Removing part of the stapes
241
Retinoblastoma Melanoma
Name two neoplastic diseases
242
Enucleation
Removal of affected eyes as a treatment for retinoblastoma
