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Medical Terminology > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

anorexia

A

lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat

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2
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation of the appendix, usually due to obstruction or infection

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3
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

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4
Q

borborygmus

A

rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine

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5
Q

cholelithiasis

A

presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct

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6
Q

cirrhosis

A

scarring and dysfunction of the liver cause by chronic liver disease

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7
Q

colic

A

spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ especially the colon, accompanied by pain

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8
Q

Crohn disease

A

chronic inflammation, usually of the ileum, but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract; also called regional enteritis

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9
Q

deglutition

A

act of swallowing

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10
Q

dysentery

A

inflammation of the intestine, especially the colon, that may be caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, bacteria, protozoa, or parasites, which results in bloody diarrhea

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11
Q

dyspepsia

A

epigastric discomfort felt after eating; also called indigestion

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12
Q

dysphagia

A

inability or difficulty in swallowing; also called aphagia

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13
Q

eructation

A

producing gas from the stomach, usually with a characteristic sound; also called belching

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14
Q

fecalith

A

fecal concretion

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15
Q

flatus

A

gas in the GI tract; expelling of air from a body orifice, especially the anus

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16
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus

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17
Q

halitosis

A

offensive, or “bad” breath

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18
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus

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19
Q

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

A

symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function for which no organic cause can be determined; also called spastic colon

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20
Q

malabsorption syndrome

A

symptom complex of the small intestine characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph

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21
Q

melena

A

passage of dark-colored, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices

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22
Q

obesity

A

excessive accumulation of fat that exceeds the body’s skeletal and physical standards, usually an increase of 20% or more above ideal body weight

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23
Q

morbid obesity

A

BMI of 40 or greater, which is generally 100 or more pounds over ideal body weight

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24
Q

obstipation

A

severe constipation; may be caused by an intestinal obstruction

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25
oral leukoplakia
formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue, lips, or cheek caused primarily by irritation
26
peristalsis
progressive, wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, especially the GI tract
27
pyloric stenosis
stricture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter at the outlet of the stomach, causing an obstruction that blocks the flow of food into the small intestine
28
regurgitation
backward flowing, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach
29
steatorrhea
passage of fat in large amounts in the feces due to failure to digest and absorb it
30
cachexia
state of ill health, malnutrition, and wasting
31
lesion
open sore
32
PTCH
percutaneous transhepatic radiographic examination of bile ducts
33
bilirubin
breakdown product of hemoglobin, excreted from the body as bile
34
emetics
agents that produce vomiting
35
antispasmodics
agents that alleviate muscle spasms
36
choledochoplasty
surgical reconstruction of a bile duct
37
lower GI series
administration of barium enema while a series of radiographs are taken of the large intestine
38
gastroscopy
visual examination of the stomach
39
stomatoplasty
surgical reconstruction of the mouth
40
intubation
insertion of a tube into any hollow organ
41
anastomosis
surgical formation of a passage or opening between two hollow viscera or vessels
42
stool guaiac
detects presence of blood in the feces; also called Hemoccult
43
endoscopy
visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument
44
laxatives
used to treat constipation
45
antacids
neutralize excess acid in the stomach and help to relieve gastritis and ulcer pain
46
ultrasonography
procedure in which high frequency sound waves produce images of internal body structures that are displayed on a monitor
47
liver function tests
measures the levels of certain enzymes, bilirubin, and various proteins
48
bariatric surgery
surgery that treats morbid obesity
49
STAT
immediately
50
proctosigmoidoscopy
endoscopic procedure for visualization of the rectosigmoid colon
51
upper GI series
barium solution swallowed for radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
52
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat
anorexia
53
inflammation of the appendix, usually due to obstruction or infection
appendicitis
54
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
ascites
55
rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine
borborygmus
56
presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct
cholelithiasis
57
scarring and dysfunction of the liver cause by chronic liver disease
cirrhosis
58
spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ especially the colon, accompanied by pain
colic
59
chronic inflammation, usually of the ileum, but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract; also called regional enteritis
Crohn disease
60
act of swallowing
deglutition
61
inflammation of the intestine, especially the colon, that may be caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, bacteria, protozoa, or parasites, which results in bloody diarrhea
dysentery
62
epigastric discomfort felt after eating; also called indigestion
dyspepsia
63
inability or difficulty in swallowing; also called aphagia
dysphagia
64
producing gas from the stomach, usually with a characteristic sound; also called belching
eructation
65
fecal concretion
fecalith
66
gas in the GI tract; expelling of air from a body orifice, especially the anus
flatus
67
backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
68
offensive, or "bad" breath
halitosis
69
vomiting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus
hematemesis
70
symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function for which no organic cause can be determined; also called spastic colon
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
71
symptom complex of the small intestine characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph
malabsorption syndrome
72
passage of dark-colored, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices
melena
73
excessive accumulation of fat that exceeds the body's skeletal and physical standards, usually an increase of 20% or more above ideal body weight
obesity
74
BMI of 40 or greater, which is generally 100 or more pounds over ideal body weight
morbid obesity
75
severe constipation; may be caused by an intestinal obstruction
obstipation
76
formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue, lips, or cheek caused primarily by irritation
oral leukoplakia
77
progressive, wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, especially the GI tract
peristalsis
78
stricture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter at the outlet of the stomach, causing an obstruction that blocks the flow of food into the small intestine
pyloric stenosis
79
backward flowing, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach
regurgitation
80
passage of fat in large amounts in the feces due to failure to digest and absorb it
steatorrhea
81
state of ill health, malnutrition, and wasting
cachexia
82
open sore
lesion
83
percutaneous transhepatic radiographic examination of bile ducts
PTCH
84
breakdown product of hemoglobin, excreted from the body as bile
bilirubin
85
agents that produce vomiting
emetics
86
agents that alleviate muscle spasms
antispasmodics
87
surgical reconstruction of a bile duct
choledochoplasty
88
administration of barium enema while a series of radiographs are taken of the large intestine
lower GI series
89
visual examination of the stomach
gastroscopy
90
surgical reconstruction of the mouth
stomatoplasty
91
insertion of a tube into any hollow organ
intubation
92
surgical formation of a passage or opening between two hollow viscera or vessels
anastomosis
93
detects presence of blood in the feces; also called Hemoccult
stool guaiac
94
visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument
endoscopy
95
used to treat constipation
laxatives
96
neutralize excess acid in the stomach and help to relieve gastritis and ulcer pain
antacids
97
procedure in which high frequency sound waves produce images of internal body structures that are displayed on a monitor
ultrasonography
98
measures the levels of certain enzymes, bilirubin, and various proteins
liver function tests
99
surgery that treats morbid obesity
bariatric surgery
100
immediately
STAT
101
endoscopic procedure for visualization of the rectosigmoid colon
proctosigmoidoscopy
102
barium solution swallowed for radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
upper GI series

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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