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Medical Terminology > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

ankylosis

A

stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion

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2
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

A

painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel

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3
Q

claudication

A

lameness, limping

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4
Q

contracture

A

fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

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5
Q

crepitation

A

dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction

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6
Q

electromyography

A

use of electrical stimulation to record the strength of muscle contraction

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7
Q

exacerbation

A

increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms

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8
Q

ganglion cyst

A

tumor of tendon sheath or joint capsule, commonly found in the wrist

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9
Q

hemarthrosis

A

effusion of blood into a joint cavity

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10
Q

hypotonia

A

loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching

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11
Q

multiple myeloma

A

primary malignant tumor that infiltrates the bone and red bone marrow

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12
Q

osteophyte

A

bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra and may exert pressure on the spinal cord; also called bone spur

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13
Q

phantom limb

A

perceived sensation, following the amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists

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14
Q

prosthesis

A

replacement of a missing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity

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15
Q

rickets

A

form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency

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16
Q

sequestrum

A

fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue

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17
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it

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18
Q

spondylosis

A

degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues

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19
Q

sprain

A

tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete

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20
Q

strain

A

to exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular

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21
Q

subluxation

A

partial or incomplete dislocation

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22
Q

talipes equinovarus

A

congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to one side; also called clubfoot

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23
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

disease causing degeneration of muscles

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24
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

chronic neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness manifested in ocular muscles

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25
Ewing sarcoma
type of sarcoma that attacks the shafts rather than the ends of long bones
26
greenstick fracture
bone that is partially bent and partially broken; occurs in children
27
kyphosis
exaggeration of the thoracic curve of the vertebral column; humpback
28
osteoporosis
disease caused by a decrease in bone density; occurs in the elderly
29
scoliosis
deviation of the spine to the right or left
30
chondrosarcoma
cartilagenous sarcoma
31
comminuted fracture
describes a bone that has splintered into pieces
32
spondylitis
inflammation of the vertebrae
33
gout
metabolic disease caused by accumulation of uric acid, usually in the big toe
34
hematopoiesis
development and production of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow
35
pyogenic
formation of pus
36
necrosis
death of cells, tissues, or organs
37
myelography
radiograph of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium
38
open reduction
treatment of bone fractures by the use of surgery to place bones in a normal position
39
gold salts
used to treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity with the immune system
40
CTS (carpal tunnel syndrome)
painful disorder of the wrist and hand due to compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel
41
laminectomy
excision of the posterior arch of a vertebrae
42
arthrography
series of joint radiographs preceded by injection of a radiopaque substance or air into the joint cavity
43
arthrodesis
surgical binding or immobilization of a joint
44
amputation
partial or complete removal of a limb
45
HNP
herniated nucleus pulposus
46
salicylates
relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation
47
arthroscopy
visual examination of a joint's interior, especially the knee
48
sequestrectomy
excising a segment of necrosed bone
49
ACL
anterior cruciate ligament
50
relaxants
relieve muscle spasms and stiffness
51
closed reduction
manipulative treatment of bone fractures by placing the bones in normal position without incision
52
stiffening and immobility of a joint as a result of disease, trauma, surgery, or abnormal bone fusion
ankylosis
53
painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel
carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)
54
lameness, limping
claudication
55
fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint
contracture
56
dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction
crepitation
57
use of electrical stimulation to record the strength of muscle contraction
electromyography
58
increase in severity of a disease or any of its symptoms
exacerbation
59
tumor of tendon sheath or joint capsule, commonly found in the wrist
ganglion cyst
60
effusion of blood into a joint cavity
hemarthrosis
61
loss of muscular tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching
hypotonia
62
primary malignant tumor that infiltrates the bone and red bone marrow
multiple myeloma
63
bony outgrowth that occasionally develops on the vertebra and may exert pressure on the spinal cord; also called bone spur
osteophyte
64
perceived sensation, following the amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists
phantom limb
65
replacement of a missing part by an artificial substitute, such as an artificial extremity
prosthesis
66
form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency
rickets
67
fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue
sequestrum
68
any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it
spondylolisthesis
69
degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues
spondylosis
70
tearing of ligament tissue that may be slight, moderate, or complete
sprain
71
to exert physical force in a manner that may result in injury, usually muscular
strain
72
partial or incomplete dislocation
subluxation
73
congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to one side; also called clubfoot
talipes equinovarus
74
disease causing degeneration of muscles
muscular dystrophy
75
chronic neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness manifested in ocular muscles
myasthenia gravis
76
type of sarcoma that attacks the shafts rather than the ends of long bones
Ewing sarcoma
77
bone that is partially bent and partially broken; occurs in children
greenstick fracture
78
exaggeration of the thoracic curve of the vertebral column; humpback
kyphosis
79
disease caused by a decrease in bone density; occurs in the elderly
osteoporosis
80
deviation of the spine to the right or left
scoliosis
81
cartilagenous sarcoma
chondrosarcoma
82
describes a bone that has splintered into pieces
comminuted fracture
83
inflammation of the vertebrae
spondylitis
84
metabolic disease caused by accumulation of uric acid, usually in the big toe
gout
85
development and production of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow
hematopoiesis
86
formation of pus
pyogenic
87
death of cells, tissues, or organs
necrosis
88
radiograph of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium
myelography
89
treatment of bone fractures by the use of surgery to place bones in a normal position
open reduction
90
used to treat rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting activity with the immune system
gold salts
91
painful disorder of the wrist and hand due to compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel
CTS (carpal tunnel syndrome)
92
excision of the posterior arch of a vertebrae
laminectomy
93
series of joint radiographs preceded by injection of a radiopaque substance or air into the joint cavity
arthrography
94
surgical binding or immobilization of a joint
arthrodesis
95
partial or complete removal of a limb
amputation
96
herniated nucleus pulposus
HNP
97
relieve mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation
salicylates
98
visual examination of a joint's interior, especially the knee
arthroscopy
99
excising a segment of necrosed bone
sequestrectomy
100
anterior cruciate ligament
ACL
101
relieve muscle spasms and stiffness
relaxants
102
manipulative treatment of bone fractures by placing the bones in normal position without incision
closed reduction

Medical Terminology (14 decks)

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