Final

Question 1

visual examination of a cavity or canal using a flexible fiberoptic instrument called an endoscope

Answer 1

endoscopy

Question 2

endoscopy of the esophagus (esophagoscopy), stomach (gastroscopy), and duodenum (duodenoscopy)

Answer 2

upper GI

Question 3

endoscopy of the colon (colonoscopy), sigmoid colon (sigmoidoscopy), and rectum and anal canal (proctoscopy)

Answer 3

lower GI

Question 4

panel of blood tests that identify the specific virus- hep A (HAV), hep B (HBV), or hep C (HCV)- causing hepatitis by testing serum using antibodies to each of these antigens

Answer 4

hepatitis panel

Question 5

group of blood tests that evaluate liver injury, liver function, and conditions often associated with the biliary tract

Answer 5

liver function tests (LFT)

Question 6

measurement of the level of bilirubin in the blood

Answer 6

serum bilirubin

Question 7

test to identify microorganisms or parasites present in feces

Answer 7

stool culture

Question 8

applying a substance called guaiac to a stool sample to detect presence of occult blood in the feces; also called hemoccult

Answer 8

stool guaiac

Question 9

radiographic exam of the rectum and colon following enema administration of barium sulfate (contrast medium) into the rectum; also called lower GI series

Answer 9

barium enema

Question 10

radiographic exam of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine following oral administration of barium sulfate. aka esophagram and upper GI series

Answer 10

barium swallow

Question 11

rad images taken of the gallbladder after admin of a contrast material containing iodine, usually in the form of a tablet

Answer 11

cholecystography

Question 12

imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles

Answer 12

computed tomography (CT)

Question 13

endoscopic procedure that provides radiographic visualization of the bile and pancreatic ducts to identify partial or total obstructions as well as stones, cysts, and tumors

Answer 13

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Question 14

radiographic examination of bile duct structures

Answer 14

percutaneous transhepatic choliangography (PTCP)

Question 15

radiologic examination of the salivary glands and ducts

Answer 15

sialography

Question 16

test that uses high frequency sound waves to analyze the reflected echos from anatomical structures and convert them into an image on a video monitor

Answer 16

ultrasonography

Question 17

US visualization of the abdominal aorta, liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, pancreas, kidneys, ureters, and bladder

Answer 17

abdominal ultrasonography

Question 18

representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis

Answer 18

biopsy (bx)

Question 19

use of a large-bore needle to remove a core of liver tissue for histological examination

Answer 19

liver biopsy

Question 20

procedure that involves insertion of a nasogastric tube through the nose into the stomach to relieve gastric distention by removing gas, food, or gastric secretions

Answer 20

nasogastric intubation

Question 21

surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

Answer 21

anastomosis

Question 22

surgical connection of the ileum and rectum after total colectomy

Answer 22

iliorectal anastomosis

Question 23

surgical connection of two portions of the intestines; aka enteroenterostomy

Answer 23

intestinal anastomosis

Question 24

group of procedures that treat morbid obesity and its resultant health problems

Answer 24

bariatric surgery

Question 25

upper esophagus near the stomach is stapled vertically to reduce it to a small pouch. A band is then inserted that restricts food consumption and delays its passage from the pouch, causing a feeling of fullness

Answer 25

vertical banded gastroplasty

Question 26

stomach is first stapled to decrease it to a small pouch. Next, the jejunum is shortened and connected to the small stomach pouch, causing the base of the duodenum leading from the nonfunctioning portion of the stomach to form a Y configuration

Answer 26

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB)

Question 27

creation of an opening of a portion of the colon through the abdominal wall to its outside surface in order to divert fecal flow to a colostomy bag

Answer 27

colostomy

Question 28

procedure for crushing a stone and eliminating its fragments either surgically or using ultrasonic shock waves

Answer 28

lithotripsy

Question 29

use of shockwaves as a noninvasive method to break up stones in the gallbladder or biliary ducts

Answer 29

extracorporeal shockwave

Question 30

excision of a polyp

Answer 30

polypectomy

Question 31

incision of the longitudinal and circular muscles of the pylorus; used to treat hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Answer 31

pyloromyotomy

Question 32

series of radiographs taken after injection of a contrast medium into a joint cavity to outline the contour of a joint

Answer 32

arthrography

Question 33

rad procedures that use low-energy x-ray absorption to measure bone mineral density (BMD)

Answer 33

bone density tests

Question 34

imaging technique that uses an x-ray beam and and a computer to make a series of cross sectional images of a body part, which make up a 3D view of the area scanned

Answer 34

computed tomography (CT)

Question 35

rad examination of intervertebral disc structures by injecting a contrast medium

Answer 35

discography

Question 36

rad of the five lumbar vertebrae and the fused sacral vertebrae

Answer 36

lumbosacral spinal radiography

Question 37

rad of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated intervertebral discs, or other lesions

Answer 37

myelography

Question 38

nuclear medicine procedure that visualizes various tissues and organs after administration of a radionuclide

Answer 38

scintigraphy

Question 39

radionuclide is injected intravenously and taken up into bone

Answer 39

bone scintigraphy

Question 40

procedure that restores bone to its normal position

Answer 40

reduction

Question 41

fractured bones are realigned by manipulation rather than surgery

Answer 41

closed reduction

Question 42

fractured bones are placed in their proper position using surgery

Answer 42

open reduction

Question 43

application of a solid, stiff dressing formed with plaster of Paris or other material to a body part to immobilize it during the healing process

Answer 43

casting

Question 44

app of an orthopedic device to an injured body part for immobilization, stabilization, and protection during the healing process

Answer 44

splinting

Question 45

use of weights and pulleys to align or immobilize a fracture and facilitate the healing process

Answer 45

traction

Question 46

partial or complete removal of an extremity du to trauma or circulatory disease

Answer 46

amputation

Question 47

puncture of a joint space using a needle remove accumulated fluid

Answer 47

arthrocentesis

Question 48

surgical breaking of an ankylosed joint to provide movement

Answer 48

arthroclasia

Question 49

visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structures using a thin, flexible fiberoptic scope called an arthroscope that contains a magnifying lens, fiberoptic light, and a miniature camera that projects images on a monitor

Answer 49

arthroscopy

Question 50

implanting or transplanting bone tissue from another part of the body or from another person to serve as a replacement for damaged or missing bone tissue

Answer 50

bone grafting

Question 51

excision of bursa

Answer 51

bursectomy

Question 52

excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra

Answer 52

laminectomy

Question 53

surgery repeated to correct problems of a previously unsuccessful surgery or to replace worn out prosthesis

Answer 53

revision surgery

Question 53

surgery repeated to correct problems of a previously unsuccessful surgery or to replace worn out prosthesis

Answer 53

revision surgery

Question 54

excision of a sequestrum (segment of necrosed bone)

Answer 54

sequestrectomy

Question 55

excision of a synovial membrane

Answer 55

synovectomy

Question 55

excision of a synovial membrane

Answer 55

synovectomy

Question 56

surgical procedure to replace a hip joint damaged by a degenerative disease, commonly arthritis

Answer 56

total hip replacement

Question 56

surgical procedure to replace a hip joint damaged by a degenerative disease, commonly arthritis

Answer 56

total hip replacement