Chapter 23 - Structure Of Flowering Plants

Question 1

Name for functions of a root

Answer 1

Anchors the plant
absorbs water and minerals
transports absorbed materials to shoot
stores food

Question 2

What is a taproot

Answer 2

It’s develops from the radical

is the primary route that secondary roots emerge from

Question 3

Name the 4 zones in a plant root and their functions

Answer 3

Differentiation - cells develop into plant tissue
Elongation - cells get bigger (growth regulators)
Cell production - contains meristems which allows cell division, it produces new cells
Protection - protects as it pushes through the soil

Question 4

Name the two types of stems

Answer 4

Herbaceous - soft and green stem

Woody - hard brown stem that contains lignin

Question 5

Name 3 functions of a stem

Answer 5

Supports the aerial parts
Transports water and minerals from the root to the leaf
Transports food made in the leaf to the root
May store food
If it’s green photosynthesis occurs

Question 6

What is the tip of the stem called

Answer 6

Apical bud

Question 7

What is the function of the apical bud

Answer 7

Causes the stem to grow at the growing tip

Question 8

What is the flower called in the diagram of a flowering plant

Answer 8

Axillery bud

Question 9

What is the node

Answer 9

Point where leaf emerges

Question 10

What is the internode

Answer 10

Distance between nodes

Question 11

What are lenticels

Answer 11

Openings on a stem that allow gas exchange

Question 12

What is the petiole

Answer 12

The stalk of the leaf that is attached to the stem

Question 13

What word describes a leaf when it has no petiole

Answer 13

Sessile

Question 14

What word is used to describe a flattened leaf

Answer 14

Leaf blade

Lamina

Question 15

What do we call the petiole as it goes through the leaf blade

Answer 15

The midrib

Question 16

What is the function of the midrib petiole and veins

Answer 16

Contain the vascular tissue

Question 17

Name 3 function of a leaf

Answer 17

Photosynthesis
Gas exchange - carbon dioxide goes in, oxygen and water vapor released
Stores food
Allows transpiration

Question 18

What is transpiration

Answer 18

The movement of water and minerals

Question 19

One function of dermal tissue

Answer 19

Protects the plant

Question 20

What is the function of root hairs

Answer 20

Absorbs water and minerals

Question 21

Why are move leaves and stems covered with a waxy cuticle

Answer 21

To prevent water loss

Question 22

Three functions of ground tissue

Answer 22

Photosynthesis
Storage of food and wastes
Strengthens the plant

Question 23

One function of vascular tissue

Answer 23

Transports materials throughout the plant

Question 24

Name the two types of vascular tissue

Answer 24

Xylem and phloem

Question 25

Name the two types of xylem

Answer 25

Trachieds and vessels

Question 26

Name 4 properties of a trachied xylem

Answer 26

Long and tapered Has pits that allows water to pass from trachied to trachied More primitive than vessels Found in coniferous trees

Question 27

Name 4 properties of xylem vessels

Answer 27

``` Tubular structures Cells join end to end (continuous) Wider than trachieds Has pits More efficient Found in flowering plants ```

Question 28

What is lignin

Answer 28

Strengthening material found in some plant cell walls

Question 29

Name 3 properties of the phloem

Answer 29

Composed of sieve tubes and companion cells Sieve tubes transport food Companion cells control activities of both sieve tubes and companion cells

Question 30

What is a fibrous root

Answer 30

Group of equal sized roots | Formed when the radicle dies

Question 31

State 4 differences between the xylem and phloem

Answer 31

Xylem - has lignin, allows water to pass through, has pits, trachied xylem is tapered Phloem - doesn’t have lignin, transports food, doesn’t have pits, isn’t tapered

Question 32

What is the location of the xylem in a root

Answer 32

On the inside of the bound membrane

Question 33

What is the location of the xylem in a stem

Answer 33

On the inside of the vascular bundle when in a ring

Question 34

What is the location of the phloem in a root

Answer 34

Surrounds the xylem in the bound membrane

Question 35

State 4 differences between monocots and dicots

Answer 35

Monocots - single cotyledon, parallel veins, vascular bundles scattered, flower parts in multiples of 3 Dicots - two cotyledons, network of veins, vascular bundles arranged in a ring, flower parts in multiples of 4/5

Question 36

Name an example of a monocot plant

Answer 36

Tulip

Question 37

Name an example of a dicot plant

Answer 37

Phlox

Question 38

Why do you cut the plant into thin slices when examining a plant cell

Answer 38

Easier to see | Light shines through

Question 39

How do you cut the plant

Answer 39

Using a wet backed blade | Cut at a right angle