Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology (LC) > Chapter 34: The Senses > Flashcards

Chapter 34: The Senses Flashcards

(45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the five senses and their organs?

A
  1. Touch - skin
  2. Taste - tongue
  3. Smell - nose
  4. Sight - eye
  5. Sound - ear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What forms a sense organ?

A

Receptor cells (neuron endings or specialized cells) in close contact with neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do sense organs do?

A

Detect stimuli such as heat, light, chemicals, pressure

Send electrical impulses to the brain for interpretation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the skins two receptors?

A

Touch and temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give an example of where there are many receptors on the skin and where there is very little.

A

Many - elbow

Little - heel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are taste receptors located?

A

Taste buds on the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the four taste receptors and where on the tongue are they located?

A

Bitter - back of tongue/throat
Sour - sides of tongue at back
Salty - sides of tongue at front
Sweet - front of tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the fifth taste called and what does it detect?

A 
Umami 
Detects msg (mono sodium glutamate)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the flavour of a food?

A

A combination of the taste, smell, texture and temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are smell receptors?

A

Nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are smell receptors called?

A

Olfactory neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many different smells are there?

A

10,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of conjunctiva?

A

Thin membrane protecting sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of sclera or sclerotic coat?

A

White of the eye, tough opaque colour holds eye in shape and doesn’t let light through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of the cornea?

A

Transparent part of sclera at front of the eye, let’s light into eye and bends it towards retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of the choroid?

A

Dark colored layer contains blood vessels to nourish eye and black pigment to not absorb light, ensures no internal reflection of light inside eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of the retina?

A

Where light receptors are located?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the two types of light receptors on retina?

A

Cones

Rods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do cones do?

Study These Flashcards
A

Detects red, green, blue
In fovea
Work in bright light

20
Q

What do rods do?

Study These Flashcards
A

Detect black and white
Found all over retina
Work in dim light

21
Q

What is the function of fovea?

Study These Flashcards
A

Part of retina, contains cones only, region of sharpest vision
Focuses images

22
Q

What is a blind spot?

Study These Flashcards
A

Where the nerves fibres leave the eyes

No rods or cones there so cannot detect light

23
Q

What is the optic nerve?

Study These Flashcards
A

Carries impulse from eye to cerebrum

24
Q

What is the lens?

Study These Flashcards
A

Elastic transport structure.

Changes shape to focus light on retina

25
What is the ciliary muscle?
Surrounds lens Changes shape of lens depending on if we’re looking near or far Changing of shape is a reflex action called accommodation Connected to lens by suspensory muscles
26
What is the iris?
Colored part of eye Controls the Amount of light entering the eye Pigmented with melanin Blue eyes have no melanin in the iris
27
What is the pupil?
Opening in the iris Let’s light into eye Bright light - pupil decreases in size Dim light - pupil enlarges (dilates)
28
What is the aqueous humour?
Salt solution that holds front of eye in shape
29
What is the vitreous humour?
Viscous fluid, supports eye by exerting an outward pressure on eyeball
30
What is the external muscle?
Moves the eye
31
What are the functions of the ear?
Hearing and balance
32
Describe how hearing works.
Vibrations in the air are collected by the outer ear and passed into middle ear Vibrations are amplified and transferred to fluid called lymph in the cochlea of the inner ear Cochlea contains receptors that are stimulated by pressure waves in lymph Receptors send impulses to brain
33
What is the pinna?
Made of cartilage, | Collects and channels vibration into auditory canal
34
What is the auditory canal?
A tube that carries vibrations to eardrum, wax is secreted outside eardrum to trap dust particles and protect ear.
35
What is the eardrum?
Small, tightly stretched membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear Vibrates
36
What are the ossicles?
Three tiny bones in middle ear Hammer, anvil, stirrup They transmit vibrations from outer ear to inner ear
37
What is the Eustachian tube?
Runs from middle ear to throat | Equalizes pressure on either side of eardrum
38
What is the cochlea?
Spiral tube 3.5cm long | Converts pressure waves caused by sound vibrations into electrical impulses that travel to brain
39
Describe how the cochlea works.
Vibrations arrive at cochlea on stirrup, this bone attaches to a membrane in cochlea called oval window Vibrations pass through oval window and form pressure waves in lymph in cochlea Pressure waves stimulate receptors in cochlea, these receptor cells are hairs that are attached to sensory cells called the organ of corti Receptors causes electrical impulse to travel to brain along the auditory nerve Round window allows pressure waves to dissipate out of cochlea into the air of middle ear
40
What is a hearing disorder?
Glue ear
41
What causes glue ear?
Sticky fluid builds up in middle ear
42
What corrects glue ear?
Decongestants (ear drops) or grommets
43
Explain how grommets work.
Inserted into eardrum Allows air into middle ear Forces fluid down Eustachian tube
44
What detects balance?
Vestibular apparatus in inner ear | Maintained by vision, receptor muscles, ligaments, tendons, pressure receptors in soles of feet
45
What does the vestibular apparatus consist of?
3 semi circular canals filled with lymph | Contains receptors that detect if the head is vertical or not and receptors that detect movement

Biology (LC) (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions