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Chapter 25 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Orthomyxoviridae?

A

An enveloped RNA virus

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2
Q

Etiologic agent/infection caused by Orthomyxoviridae?

A

Influenza A and B

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3
Q

Transmission of orthomyxoviridae?

A

Respiratory

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4
Q

How many segments in Orthomyxoviridae?

A

8 segments

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5
Q

Notes about Orthomyxoviridae?

A

Influenza A causes pandemics. B makes you sick too, but not as bad as A.

Glycoproteins:
Hemagglutinin - H, viral spike for attachment
Neuraminidase - N, allows virus to be released

Drift - minor change
Shift - major change

Can mutate due to mixing segments w/ other animal flus

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6
Q

What is Bunyaviridae?

A

An enveloped RNA virus

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7
Q

What does Bunyaviridae cause?

A

Hantavirus

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8
Q

How many segments in Bunyaviridae?

A

3

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9
Q

What is Hantavirus sin nombre?

A

A respiratory transmission of rodent waste.
Zoonotic
Robovirus (rodent born)
BSL level 4

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10
Q

What is Arenaviridae?

A

An enveloped RNA virus

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11
Q

How many segments in Arenaviridae?

A

2

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12
Q

What does Arenaviridae cause?

A

Lassa fever

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13
Q

What is Lassa fever?

A

Respiratory transmission of rodent waste

Robovirus

BSL level 4

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14
Q

What is Paramyxoviridae?

A

An enveloped RNA virus

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15
Q

Transmission and reservoir of Paramyxoviridae?

A

Human reservoir respiratory transmission

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16
Q

What does Paramyxoviridae cause?

A

Mumps, measles, RSV, parainfluenza

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17
Q

What is mumps?

A

Swelling of parotid gland (part of digestive system)

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18
Q

What is the MMR vaccine for?

A

Mumps, measles, rubella

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19
Q

What is measles?

A

Spotted rash. AKA rubeola. White spots in mouth - Koplik’s spots

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20
Q

What is RSV?

A

Pneumovirus

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21
Q

What is Rhabdoviridae?

A

An enveloped RNA virus

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22
Q

Reservoir and transmission of Rhabdoviridae?

A

Human reservoir, respiratory transmission

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23
Q

Transmission of rabies?

A

Contact w/ animal saliva

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24
Q

Notes about rabies?

A

You can get the vaccine after exposure because it moves to slowly. You die when rabies gets to your brain. EXTREMEEEELY sore throat, hurts to swallow, your spit comes out of your mouth
Infection at bite site
Diagnosed after death

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25
What are Negri bodies?
Found in rabies/Rhabdoviridae
26
What are Koplik's spots?
Found in measles/Paramyxoviridae
27
Reservoir and transmission of Coronaviruses?
Human reservoir, respiratory transmission
28
What does Coronavirus cause?
Common cold, SARS, MERS
29
What is SARS?
Caused by coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome. Reservoir of certain cats and bats
30
What is MERS?
Middle East respiratory syndrome. Camel reservoir
31
What is Togaviridae?
An enveloped RNA virus
32
What is Coronavirus?
An enveloped RNA virus
33
Transmission of Togaviridae?
Respiratory
34
Vectors on the exam?
All mosquito
35
What does Togaviridae cause?
Rubivirus (rubella)
36
What is Rubella also known as?
German measles
37
What is the MMR vaccine for?
Mumps, measles (Paramyxoviridae) and rubella (Togaviridae)
38
Reservoir and transmission of Togaviridae?
Human reservoir, respiratory transmission
39
What is Flaviviridae?
Enveloped RNA virus
40
What is caused by Flaviviridae?
Hepatitis C, yellow fever, dengue fever, zika virus
41
Info about Hepatitis C?
Caused by Flaviviridae Bloodborne Sexual transmission No vaccine, crazy expensive cure
42
Info about yellow fever?
Vector born - mosquitos Arbovirus (arthropod born virus) Causes jaundice Clara Maas volunteered for experiment, died
43
Info about dengue fever?
Vector born, mosquito Arbovirus Breakbone fever!
43
Who is Clara Maas?
A woman to volunteered for an experiment with yellow fever and died
44
List the arboviruses
Yellow fever Dengue fever West Nile encephalitis Zika
45
List the roboviruses
Hantavirus Lassa fever
46
Info about West Nile encephalitis?
Vector borne, mosquito Arbovirus Causes encephalitis One sign is a lot of dead birds in your area
47
Info about Zika?
Vector born, mosquito Arbovirus Can cause birth defect in fetuses - they lack the back part of their brain
48
What is Filoviridae?
An enveloped RNA virus
49
Reservoir and transmission of Filoviridae?
Human reservoir, respiratory transmission
50
What viridae is the longest (physically) virus?
Filoviridae
51
What is caused by Filoviridae?
Marburg virus and Ebola virus
52
Info about Marburg virus?
1967!!! Named after Marburg, Germany Scientists harvesting kidneys from monkey, got sick Bleed from every orifice Death from multiple organ failure African fruit bat reservoir BSL 4
53
What are the BSL 4 viruses?
Marburg virus, Ebola virus, Hantavirus, Lassa fever
54
Info about Ebola virus?
1976!! Ebola river from Zaire Often caught when women of family clean body of someone who died from virus Chain of death! African fruit bat reservoir
55
Types of ebolavirus?
Zaire ebolavirus, Sudan ebolavirus, Bundibugyo ebolavirus, Tai forest ebolavirus, Reston ebolavirus (this one isnt from africa, but Virginia monkey house - this one doesnt cause disease!)
56
What is Retroviridae?
Enveloped RNA virus
57
What is caused by Retroviridae?
HIV/AIDS
58
Transmission of Retroviridae?
Blood, sex, vertical
59
Info about Retroviridae?
Reverse transcriptase HIV/AIDS Lentivirus genus HIV-1 and HIV-2 Enveloped RNA, icosahedral, spikes, reverse transcriptase, integrase, protease Opens door to opportunistic infections Window period when transmissible but no symptoms ELISA test, confirm w/ western blot
60
Where is HIV-1?
Worldwide
61
Where is HIV-2?
Only in small parts of Africa
62
What is a western blot?
Used to confirm HIV/AIDS/Retroviridae
63
What is Picornaviridae?
Naked RNA virus Considered an enterovirus
64
What does Picornaviridae cause?
Poliovirus, Hepatitis A, Rhinovirus
65
Info about poliovirus?
Fecal-oral transmission Human reservoir Vaccine exists Can cause limb deformities Eliminated in America, but not worldwide
66
Info about Hepatitis A?
AKA HAV Fecal-oral transmission Vaccine exists
67
Info about rhinovirus?
Nasal secretions Another cause of the common cold
68
What is Caliciviridae?
Naked RNA virus
69
Transmission of Caliciviridae?
Fecal-oral
70
What is Hepeviridae?
Naked RNA virus
71
What does Hepeviridae cause?
Hepatitis E
72
Notes about Hepeviridae?
Causes diarrhea Mikhail Balayan - a Russian virologist who self-sacrificed in 1983 to discover Hepatitis E
73
People of chapter 25?
Mikhail Balayan - Russian virologist, 1983, self-sacrifice, Hepatitis E Clara Maass - woman who volunteered for yellow fever experiment and died
74
What is Reoviridae?
Double-stranded naked RNA virus
75
What does Reoviridae cause?
Rotavirus
76
Transmission of Reoviridae?
Fecal-oral
77
Notes about Reoviridiae?
Only double-stranded RNA virus Causes diarrhea, vomiting in children Stomach bug

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