Chapter 3: Integumentary System: Skin, Etc.

Question 1

Antimicrobial barrier often possessing viscous, moist secretions on its surface and covering most body surfaces not directly in contact with the outside environment.

Answer 1

Mucous membrane

Question 2

Fibrous sheet found underlying epithelial and endothelial tissue.

Answer 2

Basement membrane

Question 3

Skin as defined from the perspective of its being a tissue membrane.

Answer 3

Cutaneous membrane

Question 4

Most abundant protein in mammals, connects together tissues and is the primary constituent of connective tissue.

Answer 4

Collagen

Question 5

Connective tissue protein that is capable of fairly substantial stretching and contraction while exerting force towards return to its original size.

Answer 5

Elastin

Question 6

Crosslinked collagen fibers that create a fine mesh that serves as connective tissue internal support of various soft internal tissues within animal bodies.

Answer 6

Reticulin

Question 7

Major protein constituent of the outer layer of skin, nails, hair, reptilian scales, feathers, hooves, claws, beaks, baleen, horns including those of rhinoceros, and porcupine quills.

Answer 7

Keratin

Question 8

Body barrier as displayed by vertebrate animals to microorganisms and various invertebrate animals as well as water, nutrients, and colloidal substances as found in bodies.

Answer 8

Skin

Question 9

The underlying layer of the skin.

Answer 9

Hypodermis

Question 10

Alternative name for hypodermis.

Answer 10

Subcutaneous

Question 11

The middle layer of the skin.

Answer 11

Dermis

Question 12

The outer layer of the skin.

Answer 12

Epidermis

Question 13

The lower-most layer of the epidermis.

Answer 13

Basal stratum

Question 14

The upper-most layer of the epidermis.

Answer 14

Cornified stratum

Question 15

Cells that are responsible for generating the primary protein constituent of the cornified layer of skin as well as of various skin appendages such as hair.

Answer 15

Keratinocytes

Question 16

Cells responsible for producing the major pigment associated with skin and hair.

Answer 16

Melanocytes

Question 17

Common pigment associated for example with skin, hair, and eyes which serves as an absorbent of ultraviolet radiation.

Answer 17

Melanin

Question 18

Single layer of tightly connected animal cells that serves as a surface covering of other tissues.

Answer 18

Simple epithelium

Question 19

Multiple layers of tightly connected animal cells that serve as a surface covering of other tissues.

Answer 19

Stratified epithelium

Question 20

Smooth muscles attached to hair follicles.

Answer 20

Arrector pili

Question 21

Keratin-based skin appendage that is a defining characteristic of mammals.

Answer 21

Hair

Question 22

Source in mammals of defining keratinized skin appendages as well as the outlet for apocrine and sebaceous glands.

Answer 22

Hair follicle

Question 23

Hardened keratin-based structures found at the terminus of most primate digits.

Answer 23

Nails

Question 24

Means by animals generate substances that are then released via ducts.

Answer 24

Exocrine gland

Question 25

Antimicrobial as well as cooling fluid released onto the skin by certain exocrine glands.

Answer 25

Sweat

Question 26

Releaser, onto the skin, of sweat.

Answer 26

Eccrine gland

Question 27

Releasers of non-sebum oily materials into hair follicles and from there to the surface of our bodies.

Answer 27

Apocrine gland

Question 28

Releasers of water-proofing materials into hair follicles and from there to the surface of our bodies.

Answer 28

Sebaceous gland

Question 29

Lubricating, waterproofing, and antimicrobial substance secreted onto the skin of mammals.

Answer 29

Sebum

Question 30

Acne vulgaris

Answer 30

Skin condition associated with blockage of hair follicles and sebaceous glands.

Question 31

Boil

Answer 31

Deep hair follicle infection.

Question 32

Impetigo

Answer 32

Contagious bacterial skin infection common especially among young children.

Question 33

Wart

Answer 33

Growth-like viral infection of the skin.

Question 34

Hardened as well as thickened regions of epidermis that develop in skin given substantial use.

Answer 34

Callus