Chp 22 Class Recording Flashcards
1
Q
MHC
A
Major histo compatibility complex- compatibility for tissues/organs
2
Q
natural killer cell
A
luekotryns
3
Q
luekotryns trigger what
A
apoctosis
4
Q
cell killing itself with virus inside
A
apoctosis
5
Q
3rd line of immune defense
A
adaptive side
6
Q
what are also your humoral cells
A
b cells
7
Q
t cells and b cells are both derived from
A
bone marrow
8
Q
b cells produce
A
antibodies
9
Q
what blocks and attaches itself on to an antigen, so our body doesn’t create an immune response
A
antibody
10
Q
what can our body recognize so we don’t have an immune response
A
antibody
11
Q
what is made up of two heavy chains and two light chains of proteins
A
antibodies
12
Q
every antibody looks the same except for
A
where the antigen attaches to
13
Q
why does every antibody look different
A
because every cell makes a different antibody
14
Q
who illicit our immune response initially
A
macrophage eats pathogen first then alerts CD4/T4 so it can read the cell and alert interluekon to send more help from T8 cells
15
Q
fight off virus
A
Cytottoxic T8
16
Q
who make antibodies
A
B cells
17
Q
who sends the interlukon
A
CD4/T4
18
Q
sugar coating of bacteria
A
opsonization
19
Q
swelling shortness of breath, lack of air into organ system, organs shut down
A
anafalatic shock
20
Q
why does your body go into anafalatic shock
A
you body feels threatened due some hypersensitive reaction
21
Q
when your body can’t recognize/create an antigen for something in the body
A
hypersensitive reaction
22
Q
immune response means a macrophage injests
A
pathogens
23
Q
if the macrophage engulfs something that isn’t a complete foreign material
A
an incomplete antigen is created because it doesn’t know what it is
24
Q
incomplete antigen is known as a
A
hapten
25
what happens when there is a hapten
CD4 comes down but cannot read it because it's not compatible
26
what two things occur when the body has a hapten
a bunch of eosinophils are released in order to attack or increase inflammation or you go into anaphylaxis
27
body thinks you are under some sort of threat, body starts to close up air ways, mucous membranes start increasing fluid to barricade against the outside
anaphylaxis
28
react with antibodies but cannot cause an immune response without aid (protein carrier)
incomplete Ag: smaller molecules, haptens
29
complex macromolecules usually proteins
complete antigen
30
exzema and alergy are
haptens
31
artificially acquired set of antibodies or virus/bacteria
vaccine
32
infected, contact with pathogen leads to
actively natural acquired immunity
33
antibodies pass from mother to fetus leading to
passive natural acquired immunity
34
vaccine dead or attenuated pathogen leads tto
active artificial acquired pathogen
35
live but weakened virus
attenuated
36
active artificially acquired pathogen is called
vaccine
37
MHC
Major Histo compatibility
38
what is done to help the prevention of graft rejection
MHC
39
tissue compatibility
MHC
40
class of immunglobulins/ antibody in all bodily secretions. Saliva, lacrimal, tears, mucous membranes have their own
IgA
41
class of immunglobulins/ antibody helps mature B cells
IgD
42
class of immunglobulins/ antibody comes from mothers milk chlostrom
IgM
43
class of immunglobulins/ antibody receive passively, crosses the placenta
Ig G
44
class of immunglobulins/ antibody that you receive from allergies and parasites
Ig E
45
two types of antigens one from class one and two one is blood, the other is
major histo compatibility complex MHC
46
breathing- inspiration and expiration
pulmonary ventilation
47
gas exchange between lung and blood
external pulmonary respiration
48
getting from the nasal passage to the lungs is what passageway
external
49
oxygen and CO2 must be transported between the tissue and the lungs
transport of respiratory gases
50
gas exchange between blood and tissue cells
internal tissue respiration
51
respiration that takes place in the alveoli
lower respiratory
52
gas is exchanging in the most simple area possible
respiratory bronchial which contains aveoli on the end of it
53
smallest functional unit of respiratory
bronchial
54
where your red blood cells deliver O2 and pick up CO2 in capillary beds
internal respiration
55
carrier of oxygen
RBC- erythrocyte
56
tract for ventilation (conduction of air)
upper respiratory
57
tract for respiration (gas exchange by diffusion)
lower respiratory
58
a apart of external respiration
upper respiratory and lower respiratory
59
air inside the lungs dropping off a the tissue is what respiratory system
internal
60
vestibular folds and vocal folds make
voice production
61
false vocal cords are called
vestibular folds
62
true vocal cords are
vocal folds
63
space inbetween the true vocal cords is known as where air is sent through
glottis
64
during exhalation laryngeal muscles pull the folds across the opening and tense the folds
vocal folds
65
exhaled air induces vibrations which create sound waves is done by
vocal folds
66
create volume and pitch is done by
vocal folds
67
air sacs
aveoli
68
what regulate our airways
bronchial
69
parasympathetic allergic response in lungs is called
bronchoconstriction
70
sympathetic response
- histamine release
- allergy/asthma
bronchodilation
71
what would a hypersensitive anaphylactic situation require
bronchodilation
72
what allows oxygen to be diffused by the red blood cell in the aveoli is called
surfactant
73
what has phospholipids decrease surface tension
surfactant
74
attracts water to other water molecules in the alveolar
alveolar fluid
75
why do our lungs stay up in place
1) surface tension-surfactant
| 2) pressure difference from what is inside our lungs and the thoracic cavity
76
what kind of pressure is there in the thoracic cavity
negative, in comparison to our lungs always 4mm lower
77
collapsed lung
atelectasis
78
puncture in the thorax
pneumothorax
79
pressure goes up, volume goes down is what law
boyles
80
760 mmhg at sea level is whose law of partial pressure
Daltons
81
when volume of air goes up and pressure goes down... whose law
boyles
82
during inhalation according to boyles law what happens to pressure
it decreases
83
what do you have to do to pressure during exhalation
increase pressure
84
total atmospheric pressure is related to the partial pressure of each gas is whose law
daltons
85
v/p is whose law
| p/p is whose law
boyle
| dalton
86
when sneezing or coughing you do what to pressure
increase pressure
87
O
N
CO2
is whose law
dalton
88
when you increase elevation what happens to atm pressure
it decreases
89
solubility of each gas in our blood stream (water) is whose law
henry's law
90
the probability/solubility of each of these gases in our blood is whose law
henrys law
91
greater solubility of what gases in our blood in order
N
O2
CO2
92
has the greatest binding capacity to our red blood cells
carbon monoxide
93
which has a higher solubility in our bodies Nitrogen or Oxygen?
Nitrogen
94
what can happen if you're scuba diving and come up too quickly
Nitrogen narcosis "the bends"
95
hyperbaric chambers help heal how?
because the oxygen intake is increased
96
do we have a greater affinity for carbon monoxide, oxygen, nitrogen?
Carbon monoxide
nitrogen
oxygen
97
how many spots for oxygen on each hemoglobin
4
98
the more oxygen we have present the more
saturated hemoglobin is going to be
99
what is the most important factor in O2/hgb interaction
pO2
100
shifting to the left means
greater affinity of oxygen
101
why would you have a greater affinity for oxygen and shift to the left
-acidity or Bohr effect
| -
102
the lower acidic your blood is what happens to oxygen
there is a lower affinity for it
103
the higher the acidity or ph what would happen to the dissociation curve
move to the left
104
how is temperature related to hgb O2 affinity
inversely
105
higher temp encourages O2 to be
released
106
lower temp encourages O2 to be
uptaked
