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Bio 2 > Chp 23 Recording > Flashcards

Chp 23 Recording Flashcards

1
Q

Everything we eat breaks down and turns into

A

energy

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2
Q

breakdown is also known as

A

digestion

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3
Q

what are the two forms of digestion

A

mechanical

and chemical

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4
Q

physically breaking down of food is known as

A

mechanical digestion

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5
Q

enzymes, gastric juices are known as what digestion

A

chemical

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6
Q

pathway of gastro intestinal tract digestion

A

1) mouth
2) oral cavity
- tongue
- salivary glands
- saliva (amylase)
3) Pharynx
3) Esophagus
4) Stomach
5) Small intestine
6) Large intestine
7) Anus

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7
Q

amylase is what

A

enzyme that breaks down

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8
Q

first place in your digestive system that you are starting to break down carbohydrates

A

oral cavity amylase (starch)

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9
Q

three parts that make up the small intestine

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

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10
Q

where is the ileum found

A

small intestine

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11
Q

where is the jejunum found

A

small intestine

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12
Q

Parts that make up the large intestine

A

cecum
colon (ascending, transverse, descending)
rectum

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13
Q

what do accessory organs do

A

help with the chemical break down during digestion

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14
Q

what are your accessory organs

A

liver
gall bladder
pancreas

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15
Q

don’t come in contact with food in digestion tract but assist with chemical break down

A

accessory organs

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16
Q

where do we start chemically breaking down after amylase

A

some stuff in the stomach and everything else in the duodenum

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17
Q

where do your accessory organs come into play in the GI tract

A

at the duodenum

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18
Q

what add a tube like structure at the duodenum

A

gall bladder
pancreas
liver

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19
Q

storage center for bile

A

gall bladder

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20
Q

what organ secretes bile

A

liver

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21
Q

what emulsifies fat

A

bile

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22
Q

taking in of food

A

ingestion

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23
Q

movement of food

A

peristalsis

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24
Q

wave like motion in esophagus that moves food

A

peristalsis

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25
the only digestive chemical property that we have before the stomach is
amylase
26
where do we end up absorbing everything
small intestine majority goes back to you water gets reabsorbed at the large intestine
27
where does the chemical digestion occur
small intestine
28
what are the lymphatic vessels right next to the small intestine
peyers patch
29
what are found throughout the digestive tract
lymphatic vessels
30
what are your three pairs of salivary glands
parotid glands submandibular glands sublingual glands
31
what swells up during mumps
parotid glands
32
salivary amylase does what
digest carbohydrates
33
what function does salivary glands have
immuno globulins IgA
34
what nervous system control is in digestion
Vagus nerve | parasympathetic
35
when sympathetic is turned on what happens to your mouth
reduced flow of saliva and dry mouth
36
if people have dry mouth what is turned on in your nervous system
sympathetic
37
term for chewing
mastication
38
bolus is what
ball of food
39
when bolus hits the stomach is called
chyme
40
whats the one thing we can't digest
cellulose (fiber)
41
term for swallowing
deglutition
42
Three phases to swallowing
1) buccal (voluntary) phase 2) pharyngeal (involuntary) phase 3) Esophageal phase
43
what phase of swallowing is voluntary and moves the bolus to the oropharynx
buccal phase
44
is peristalsis voluntary or involuntary
involuntary- smooth muscle
45
what is peristalsis controlled by
the medulla
46
the opening of the stomach is called
the cardiac sphincter or lower esophageal sphincter
47
the lining in the stomach secretes what
hydrochloric acid ph of 2
48
pulling down on the stomach is known as
distension
49
whats one way you create an opening or stretching of the cardiac sphincter
distension
50
what causes distension
gas pregnancy (progesterone-relaxes all smooth muscles) eating too much lying down after eating
51
GERD
Gastro esophageal reflux disease
52
heart burn is also known as
Gastro esophageal reflux disease
53
why is Gastro esophageal reflux disease so serious
because the acid in the stomach erodes the esophagus
54
esophageal verisies is
craters in the esophagus
55
when the cardiac sphincter doesn't close what happens
Gastro esophageal reflux disease
56
if the pyloric sphincter doesnt close properly you have
a duodenal ulcer
57
junction of the duodenum and stomach
pyloric valve
58
the chyme passing through the duodenum has to be what
nuetralized
59
what cause chyme to be nutralized at the dueodenum
pancreas secreting juices coly...
60
the GI tract is also known as
the alimentary tract
61
3 muscle layers of the stomach
longitudinal circular oblique
62
oblique layer of muscle is found where
only in the stomach
63
the two major endothelial cells lining the stomach
parietal | chief
64
endothelial cells that secret hydrochloric acid
parietal
65
endothelial cells that secret pepsinogin
chief
66
inactive form of what we need to break down amino acids or proteins
pepsinogen
67
unless it says enterocoated something is what
being absorbed into the stomach lining itself
68
everytime you absorb something in the stomach it cause
bleeding in the stomach lining
69
what disease do you have when you have a hole in your stomach and the endothelial cells in your stomach become more like a mesh layer
leaky gut syndrome
70
when things are being absorbed in your stomach that shouldn't be due to your stomach becomes more like a mesh layer
leaky gut syndrome
71
inner linning of the stomach is called
mucosa
72
rennin is
in the mucosa extra enzyme only found in neonates curdles milk to help neonates feel fuller
73
do adults have rennin
no
74
three phases of digestion that happens in the stomach
1) cephalic- head 2) gastric 3) intestinal
75
cephalic phase
happens in head sight, smell, talking causes your salivary glands to produce saliva smelling food thinking/starting the digestion process
76
gastric phase
fluids coming to your stomach for digestion hydrochloric pepsinogen rennin
77
intestinal phase
absorbing and what to absorb
78
if cephalic, gastric or intestinal phase were inhibited what nervous system is inhibited
sympathetic
79
sympathetic nervous system closes what
the pyloric sphincter causing you to not be able to digest and throw up
80
three enzymes in the small intestine right at the duodenum are
cholecystokinin gastric inhibitory peptide secretin
81
if cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory peptide, and secretin are present in your stomach what happens
you cant eat anymore because you have inhibited digestion
82
when are cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory peptide, and secretin released
once food has gotten to the duodenum
83
when are cholecystokinin, gastric inhibitory peptide, and secretin released
once food has gotten to the duodenum
84
what leave your stomach fastest
fructose | simple sugars
85
what takes the longest gastric emptying
fat protein carbohydrates

Bio 2 (20 decks)

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