CNS: Spinal Cord

Question 1

Gross Anatomy of Spinal Cord

Answer 1

18 inches

1/2 inch wide

Question 2

Conus medullaris

Answer 2

Question 3

Filum terminale

Answer 3

Question 4

Cauda equina

Answer 4

Question 5

Cervical Enlargement

Answer 5

Question 6

Lumbar enlargement

Answer 6

Question 7

Spinal cord is protected by _______

Answer 7

Meninges

Question 8

Viral or bacterial infection of the meninges

Answer 8

Meningitis

Question 9

L3-L5 site of _____ ______

Answer 9

Lumbar Puncture

Question 10

space between spinal dura mater and walls of vertebral canal

Answer 10

​Epidural Space

Question 11

Anesthetic injection site affects sensory spinal nerves in the lower lumbar region

Answer 11

Epidural Block

• Caudal anesthetics in sacral region

Question 12

*Cross Sectional Anatomy*

Answer 12

Question 13

*Anatomy of Spinal Cord*

Answer 13

Question 14

Spinal Cord- White and Gray Matter

Gray Matter- Butterfly / Letter H

Answer 14

• Contains:
  
  • Neuron cell bodies
  • Neuroglia cells (support cells)
  • unmyelinated axons
• Has Projections - Gray horns

Question 15

Encloses a central canal and connects the sides of the spinal cord

Answer 15

Gray Commissure

Question 16

Posterior (Dorsal) Gray Horns -

Answer 16

• somatic and visceral sensory neurons synapse here

Question 17

Anterior( Ventral) gray horns -

Answer 17

• contain somatic motor neurons

Question 18

Lateral gray horns -

Answer 18

• are in thoracic and lumbar segments; contain autonomic neurons that serve visceral organs

Question 19

Axons of somatic and autonomic motor neurons leave the spinal cord through the _____ ____

Answer 19

Ventral roots

Question 20

Afferent axons enter the dorsal horn of the spinal cord through ____ ____

Answer 20

​Dorsal Roots

Question 21

Cell bodies of sensory neurons are found in the ______ ___ _____

Answer 21

​Dorsal Root Ganglia

Question 22

Dorsal and ventral roots join to form a _____ ____

Answer 22

Spinal Nerve

Question 23

White Matter of Spinal Cord

Answer 23

• Myelinated and unmyelinated axons
• Fibers run in 3 directions:
  
  1. Ascending - up the cord
  2. Descending - down the cord
  3. Transverse - across from one side of the cord to the other

Question 24

Fibers are organized into three ____ _____

Answer 24

White columns

• Anterior
• Posterior
• Lateral

Question 25

\*Ascending & descending tracts of the spinal cord\*

Answer 25

Question 26

Ascending Tracts

Answer 26

Sensory * Examples: * Spinothalamic Tract * Spinocerebellar Tract

Question 27

Descending Tracts

Answer 27

Motor (decussate in medulla) * Corticospinal Tract * Reticulospinal Tract

Question 28

**Spinothalamic Tract**

Answer 28

* Sensory Tract * Axons synapse with thalamus * Conveys pain, warmth, coolness, itching, tickling, and deep pressure

Question 29

**Corticospinal Tract**

Answer 29

Voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

Question 30

**Reticulospinal Tract**

Answer 30

Maintain balance

Question 31

damage to the ventral root/ horn - muscle atrophy

Answer 31

**​Flaccid Paralysis**

Question 32

damage to the motor neurons of the primary motor cortex in the precentral gyrus.

Answer 32

**​Spastic Paralysis**

Question 33

loss of sensory and motor functions in the lower limbs

Answer 33

**Paraplegia**

Question 34

injury in the cervical region affects arms and legs

Answer 34

**Quadriplegia**

Question 35

brain injury – paralysis on one side of the body

Answer 35

**Hemiplegia**

Question 36

destruction of the ventral horn motor neuron by the poliovirus. Results in paralysis of the skeletal muscles.

Answer 36

**Poliomyelitis**