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Flashcards in Community Structure & Dynamics Deck (16)
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1
Q

climax community

A

stable, final community that develops from ecological succession

2
Q

keystone species

A

species w/ exceptionally great impact on other species in its ecosystem relative to its abundance
- removal/addition could change community structure

(ie) sea stars control mussel populations

3
Q

disturbance

A

any strong, short-lived disruption to a community that changes distribution of living and/or nonliving resources
- usually occurs w/ predictable frequency (how often) & severity (how massive)

(ie) tree falling, forest fire, disease epidemics, short-term explosion in # of herbivores

4
Q

disturbance regime

A

characteristic disturbances that affect a given ecological community

  • includes how often it occurs
  • includes what happens when it occurs
5
Q

succession

A

gradual habitat recovery after environmental disturbance

  • usually by a series of species
  • species traits & interactions makes succession predictable
  • history & chance contribute a degree of unpredictability to succession
6
Q

primary sucession

A

gradual habitat recovery after disturbance removes all soil & orgs
- bare rock or gravel

(ie) glaciers, floods, volcanic eruptions & landslides initiate PS

COMPLETE RESET

7
Q

secondary succession

A

gradual habitat recovery after disturbance removes some or all previous orgs but leave soil intact
- primary & secondary succession

(ie) fire & logging initiate SS

DELETE

8
Q

pioneering species

A

species that appear first in recently disturbed areas

9
Q

weed

A

any plant that adapts for growth in disturbed soils

- thrive @ start of SS

10
Q

facilitation

A

early arriving species make conditions MORE favorable for later arriving speices

(ie) plants provide shade & nutrients that become organic matter

11
Q

tolerance

A

early arriving species DO NOT EFFECT probability that subsequent species will become established

12
Q

inhibition

A

early arriving species make conditions LESS favorable for establishment of later arriving species

inhibit = stop/prevent

13
Q

attributes of community structure

A

(1) total # of species
(2) relative abundance of those species
(3) sum of interactions among all species
(4) physical attributes of community - biotic/abiotic

14
Q

Fredrick Clements biological community view

A

biological communities = stable, orderly & predictable

  • develop same community of species due to coevolution
  • extensive interactions
  • begin formation of climax community
  • determined by climate & biotic factors
15
Q

Henry Gleason biological community view

A

communities are not stable or predictable

  • each should develop different communities
  • determined by chance
16
Q

reality of biological community views

A

balance btwn both views

- leans more to Gleason