Diabetes

Question 1

____ is an elevation of serum lipid levels in the blood.

Answer 1

Hyperlipidemia

Question 2

____ is a term referring to blood glucose.

Answer 2

Glycemic

Question 3

____ is abnormally high levels of blood glucose.

Answer 3

Hyperglycemia

Question 4

____ is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that increases blood glucose levels. Acts opposite of insulin. It causes the release of glucose from cell storage sites when levels are low.

Answer 4

Glucagon

Question 5

____ is a term used to describe the early burst of insulin secretion that occurs within 10 minutes of eating and is followed by increasing insulin release as long as hyperglycemia is present.

Answer 5

Prandial (insulin secretion)

Question 6

____ is the production of glycogen in the body.

Answer 6

Glycogenesis

Question 7

____ is the breakdown of glycogen into glucose.

Answer 7

Glycogenolysis

Question 8

____ is the conversion of fats to acids in the body.

Answer 8

Ketogenesis

Question 9

____ is the conversion of proteins and amino acids to glucose in the body.

Answer 9

Gluconeogenesis

Question 10

____ is the decomposition or splitting up of fat to provide fuel for energy when liver glucose is unavailable.

Answer 10

Lipolysis

Question 11

____ is the breakdown of proteins to provide fuel for energy when liver glucose is unavailable.

Answer 11

Proteolysis

Question 12

____ is frequent and excessive urination.

Answer 12

Polyuria

Question 13

____ is excessive intake of water.

Answer 13

Polydipsia

Question 14

____ is excessive eating.

Answer 14

Polyphagia

Question 15

____ are substances, including acetone, that are produced as by-products of the incomplete metabolism of fatty acids. When insulin is not available, they accumulate in the blood and cause metabolic acidosis.

Answer 15

Ketones

Question 16

____ is type of breathing that occurs when excess acids caused by the absence of insulin increase hydrogen ion and carbon dioxide levels in the blood. this state triggers an increase in the rate and depth of respiration in an attempt to excrete more carbon dioxide and acid.

Answer 16

Kussmal respiration

Question 17

____ is a decreased serum potassium level; a common electrolyte imbalance.

Answer 17

Hypokalemia

Question 18

____ is an elevated level of potassium in the blood.

Answer 18

Hyperkalemia

Question 19

____ is a term that refers to large blood vessels.

Answer 19

Macrovascular

Question 20

____ is a term referring to small blood vessels.

Answer 20

Microvascular

Question 21

____ is a pathologic change in the kidney that reduces kidney function and leads to renal failure.

Answer 21

Nephropathy

Question 22

____ is a type of chronic non-cancer pain that results from a nerve injury. (Burning, shooting, stabbing pain along with pins and needles.)

Answer 22

Neuropathic Pain

Question 23

____ is the inflammation of the retina.

Answer 23

Retinopathy

Question 24

____ is the presence of albumin in the urine.

Answer 24

Albuminuria

Question 25

____ is a complication of diabetes. The abnormal appearance of retinal veins in which areas of swelling and constriction along a segment of vein resemble links of sausage. A predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Answer 25

Venous Beading

Question 26

____ is a form of retinopathy associated with diabetes mellitus in which a network of fragile new blood vessels develops, leaking blood and protein into surrounding tissue.

Answer 26

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Question 27

____ is a progressive deterioration of nerves that results in loss of nerve function (sensory perception). A common complication of diabetes.

Answer 27

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Question 28

____ is a decrease in blood pressure (20 mmHg sys and/or 20 mmHg dias) that occurs during the first few seconds to minutes after changing from a sitting or lying position to a standing position.

Answer 28

Orthostatic Hypotension

Question 29

____ is the transient loss of consciousness, most commonly caused by decreased perfusion to the brain.

Answer 29

Syncope

Question 30

____ is the delay in gastric emptying.

Answer 30

Gastroparesis

Question 31

____ is the presence of very small amounts of albumin in the urine that are not measurable by a urine dipstick or usual urinalysis procedures.

Answer 31

Microalbuminuria

Question 32

____ is an impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance.

Answer 32

Prediabetes

Question 33

____ is a standardized test that measures how much glucose permanently attaches to the hemoglobin molecule. Reflects the average over a period of 2-3 months. “A1C” elves greater that 6.5% are diagnostic of diabetes mellitus.

Answer 33

Glycosylated Hemoglobin (A1C)

Question 34

____ is a drug that has an increase risk for causing patient harm if given in error.

Answer 34

High-Alert Drugs

Question 35

____ is chronic high blood insulin levels.

Answer 35

Hyperinsulinemia

Question 36

____ is a chronic metabolic disease that affects glucose regulation.

Answer 36

Diabetes

Question 37

____ transports and metabolizes glucose for energy, stimulates storage of glucose in the liver and muscle as glycogen, signals the liver to stop the release of glucose and enhances the storage of dietary fat in adipose tissue.

Answer 37

Insulin

Question 38

Which type of diabetes does not produce insulin?

Answer 38

Type 1

Question 39

Which type of diabetes doesn’t use insulin like it is suppose to?

Answer 39

Type 2

Question 40

____ is the loss of fatty tissues.

Answer 40

Lipoatrophy

Question 41

____ is abnormally low blood glucose.

Answer 41

Hypoglycemia

Question 42

____ is caused by an absence of or inadequate amount of insulin resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrate, protein, and fat.

Answer 42

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

Question 43

____ is an increased blood osmolarity caused by Hyperglycemia and dehydration.

Answer 43

Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State