Cardiac Nurs. 241

Question 1

____ is the name for the heart muscle.

Answer 1

Myocardium

Question 2

____ is a protective covering of the heart.

Answer 2

Pericardium

Question 3

____ is the back flow of blood into the atria.

Answer 3

Valvular regurgitation

Question 4

____ is the amount of blood pumped from the left ventricle each minute. (Heart Rate x Stroke Volume)

Answer 4

Cardiac Output

Question 5

____ is the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle during each contraction.

Answer 5

Stoke volume

Question 6

Having a BMI of 25-30 means a person is ____.

Answer 6

Overweight

Question 7

Having a BMI of 30 or greater means a person is ____.

Answer 7

Obese

Question 8

____ is dyspnea that appears when he/she lies flat.

Answer 8

Orthopnea

Question 9

____ is pain usually relieved by resting or lowering the affected extremity to decreases tissue demands or to enhance arterial blood flow.

Answer 9

Claudication

Question 10

___ is the name for dusky redness color.

Answer 10

Rubor

Question 11

____ is the term for S3.

Answer 11

Ventricular Gallop

Question 12

____ is the term for S4

Answer 12

Atrial Gallop

Question 13

____ causes muffled heart sounds and originates from the pericardial sac and occurs with the movements of the chart during the cardiac cycle.

Answer 13

Pericardial Friction Rub

Question 14

____ is a myocardial muscle protein released into the bloodstream with injury to myocardial muscle.

Answer 14

Troponin

Question 15

____ is an enzyme specific to cells of the brain, myocardium, and skeletal muscle. It appearance indicates tissue necrosis or injury.

Answer 15

Creatinine Kinase

Question 16

____ is an invasive diagnostic procedure that involves fluoroscopy and the use of contrast media.

Answer 16

Angiography
aka
Arteriography

Question 17

____ is an invasive procedure during which programmed electrical stimulation of the heart is used to cause and evaluate lethal dysrhythmias and conduction abnormalities.

Answer 17

EPS

Electrophysiologic Study

Question 18

____ is a hr less than 60 bpm.

Answer 18

Bradycardia

Question 19

____ is a hr more than 100 bpm.

Answer 19

Tachycardia

Question 20

____ is any disorder of he heartbeat.

Answer 20

Dysrhythmia

Question 21

____ is the name for the rhythm when the SA node discharge is more than 100 bpm.

Answer 21

Sinus Tach

Question 22

____ is a nonsurgical intervention that provides a timed electrical stimulus to he heart when either the impulse initiation or the conduction system of the heart is defective.

Answer 22

Temporary pacing

Question 23

____ induce vagal stimulation of the cardiac conduction system, specifically the SA and AV nodes.

Answer 23

Vagal maneuvers

Question 24

____ is the most common dysrhythmia seen in clinical practice

Answer 24

A Fib

Question 25

____ is a synchronized countershock that may be performed in emergencies for unstable ventricular or supra ventricular tachydysrhytmias or electively for stable tachydysrhythmias that are resistant to medical therapies.

Answer 25

Cardioversion

Question 26

____ is an invasive procedure that may be used to destroy an irritable focus causing a supra ventricular or ventricular tachydysrythmia.

Answer 26

Radiofrequency catheter ablation

Question 27

____ are also call remature ventricular contractions, result from increased irritability of ventricular cells and are seen as early ventricular complexes followed by a pause.

Answer 27

Premature ventricular complexes

Question 28

____ is an asynchronous countershock, depolarizes a critical mass of myocardium simultaneously to stop the re-entry circuit, allowing the sinus node to regain control of the heart.

Answer 28

Defibrillation

Question 29

____ is a general term for the inability of the heart to work effectively as a pump.

Answer 29

Heart Failure

Question 30

____ is enlargement of the myocardium.

Answer 30

Myocardial hypertrophy

Question 31

____ uses a permanent pacemaker alone or is combined with a n implantable cardioverter/defibrillator.

Answer 31

Biventricular pacing aka Cardiac resynchronization therapy

Question 32

____ is the term for blackouts.

Answer 32

Syncope

Question 33

____ occurs because the valvular leaflets enlarge and prolapse into the left atrium during systole.

Answer 33

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 34

____usually results from rheumatic carditis, which can cause valve thickening by fibrosis and calcification.

Answer 34

Mitral Stenosis

Question 35

In ____ the aortic valve orifice narrows and obstructs left ventricular outflow during systole.

Answer 35

Aortic Stenosis

Question 36

____ is a microbial infection of the endocardium.

Answer 36

Infective Endocarditis

Question 37

____ are black longitudinal lines or small read streaks that appear on the distal third of the nail beds.

Answer 37

Splinter hemorrhages

Question 38

____ are pinpoint red spots.

Answer 38

Petechiae

Question 39

____ is an inflammation or alteration of the pericardium.

Answer 39

Acute Pericarditis

Question 40

____ occurs when chronic pericardial inflammation causes a fibrous thickening of the pericardium.

Answer 40

Chronic constrictive pericarditis

Question 41

____ occurs when he space between the parietal and visceral layers of the pericardium fills with fluid.

Answer 41

Pericardial Effusion

Question 42

____ a serious condition of excessive fluid within the pericardial cavity.

Answer 42

Cardiac Tamponade

Question 43

____ is a term for an enlarged heart.

Answer 43

Cardiomegaly

Question 44

____ is a subacute or chronic disease of cardiac muscle, and the cause may be unknown.

Answer 44

Cardiomyopathy

Question 45

____ is the structural abnormality most commonly seen.

Answer 45

Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Question 46

____ is the rarest of the cardiomyopathies, is characterized by stiff ventricles that restrict filing during diastole.

Answer 46

Restricitive Cardiomyopathy

Question 47

____ is a thickening, or hardening of the arterial wall that is often associated with aging.

Answer 47

Arteriosclerosis

Question 48

____ is a type of arteriosclerosis that involves the formation of plaque within the arterial wall and is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Answer 48

Atherosclerosis

Question 49

____ includes disorders that change the natural flow of blood through the arteries and tens of the peripheral circulation, causing decreased perfusion to body tissues.

Answer 49

PVD

Question 50

____ is a pier of clot that travels and lodges in a new area

Answer 50

Embolus

Question 51

____ is a permanent localized dilation of an artery which enlarges the artery to at least 2 times its normal diameter.

Answer 51

Aneurysm

Question 52

____ is a blood clot believed to result from an endothelial injury, venous stasis, or hyper coagulability.

Answer 52

Thrombus

Question 53

____ refers to a thrombus that is associated with inflammation.

Answer 53

Thrombophlebitis

Question 54

____ is the most common type of thrombophlebitis.

Answer 54

DVT

Question 55

____are dilated intradermal veins less than 1-3mm in diameter that are visible on eh skin surface.

Answer 55

Telangiectasias aka Spider Veins

Question 56

____ are distended, protruding veins that pear darkened and tortuous.

Answer 56

Varicose Veins

Question 57

____ is a widespread abnormal cellular metabolism that occurs when gas exchange with oxygenation and issue perfusion needs are not met sufficiently to maintain cell function.

Answer 57

Shock

Question 58

____ is a widespread infection that triggers whole-body inflammation.

Answer 58

Sepsis

Question 59

____ is a broad term that includes chronic stable angina and acute coronary syndromes.

Answer 59

CAD

Question 60

____ is a term for necrosis or cell death.

Answer 60

Infarction

Question 61

____ is a chest pain caused by a temporary imbalance between the coronary arteries' ability to supple oxygen and the cardiac muscle's demand for oxygen.

Answer 61

Angina pectoris

Question 62

____ is chest discomfort that occurs with moderate to prolonged exertion in a pattern that is familiar to the pt.

Answer 62

Chronic stable angina

Question 63

____ is used to describe its who have either unstable angina or an acute myocardial infarction.

Answer 63

Acute Coronary Syndrome

Question 64

____ occurs when myocardial tissue is abruptly and severely deprived of oxygen.

Answer 64

Myocardial Infarction

Question 65

____ is necrosis of more than 40% of the left ventricle occurs.

Answer 65

Cardiogenic Shock

Question 66

____ is an infection of he mediastinum.

Answer 66

Mediastinitis