DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis - Part 3 Flashcards Preview

Biology 2015-2016 > DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis - Part 3 > Flashcards

Flashcards in DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis - Part 3 Deck (16)
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1
Q

Replication definition:

A

The process by which a cell copies or duplicated its DNA

2
Q

During DNA replication, the DNA molecule separates into how many strands…

A

Two

3
Q

Complementary strands are produced according to the…

A

Base pairing rules

4
Q

The end result of DNA replication is…

A

Two DNA molecules identical to each other

5
Q

Each DNA molecule has how many original strands:

A

One

6
Q

Each DNA molecule has how many new strands:

A

One

7
Q

Helicase definition:

A

Enzymes in DNA replication that unwind the helix

8
Q

Helicase enzyme breaks…

A

The hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs

9
Q

The helicase “unzips” the DNA molecule, forming…

A

Two replication forks

10
Q

After the helicase does its thing, the two parental strands are separated making them available as…

A

Template strands

11
Q

DNA polymerase…

A

Add the new nucleotides to the existing chain

12
Q

DNA polymerase proofread…

A

Each new DNA strand to ensure an exact copy

13
Q

If a mistake if found DNA polymerase…

A

Removes the nucleotide

14
Q

Repairing DNA damage step one:

A

Damaged section of DNA is cut out

15
Q

Repairing DNA damage step two:

A

The gap is filled with nucleotides by DNA polymerase

16
Q

Repairing DNA damage step three:

A

Ligases (other enzymes) seal the free ends and make the new strand complete