DNA Structure and Function

Question 1

The universal code for all organisms is what?

Answer 1

Bases

Question 2

The four bases of DNA are?

Answer 2

Thymine, adenine, guanine, and cytosine

Question 3

Adenine pairs with which base?

Answer 3

Thymine, or uracil

Question 4

Thymine pairs with which base?

Answer 4

Adenine

Question 5

Cytosine pairs with which base?

Answer 5

Guanine

Question 6

Guanine pairs with which base?

Answer 6

Cytosine

Question 7

Uracil pairs with what base?

Answer 7

Adenine

Question 8

What are the base pair rules also known by?

Answer 8

Chargaff’s Rules

Question 9

What holds the base pairs together in DNA?

Answer 9

Hydrogen bonds

Question 10

Store information for development, structure, and metabolic action, can be replicated with great accuracy to pass from generation to generation, and undergo mutations to give genetic variability are three functions of what?

Answer 10

Genetic material

Question 11

Who found the structure of the DNA structure in 1953?

Answer 11

James Watson and Francis Crick

Question 12

Who won the 1962 Nobel Prize with James Watson and Francis Crick?

Answer 12

Maurice Wilkins

Question 13

Humans have approximately 2 meters of genetic material and 3 billion base pairs per what?

Answer 13

Cell

Question 14

What carries the instructions for making proteins?

Answer 14

Genes

Question 15

What is wrapped around histone protein and usually exists in the nucleus as chromatin?

Answer 15

DNA

Question 16

What are the three differences between RNA and DNA?

Answer 16

Sugar is now ribose in RNA, uracil replaces thymine, and it is single stranded

Question 17

What does transcription make?

Answer 17

Makes RNA

Question 18

The first step in protein synthesis is what?

Answer 18

Transcription

Question 19

What makes messenger RNA from a DNA template in the nucleus where enzymes unzip DNA?

Answer 19

Transcription

Question 20

Transcription factors are involved in converting DNA into RNA. It is active so it uses ATP. Another name for it is:

Answer 20

Protein

Question 21

What brings in complementary bases in transcription?

Answer 21

RNA polymerase

Question 22

DNA uses a triple code so that every 3 letters of mRNA is one what or what?

Answer 22

One codon or one amino acid

Question 23

What is the start codon?

Answer 23

AUG

Question 24

What is the stop codon?

Answer 24

UAA, UAG, or UGA

Question 25

What are the three types of RNA?

Answer 25

Messenger (mRNA), Transfer (tRNA), and Ribosomal (rRNA)

Question 26

Which RNA has codons and instructions are delivered to ribosomes?

Answer 26

mRNA

Question 27

Which RNA is the site of protein synthesis?

Answer 27

rRNA

Question 28

Which RNA is a carrier molecule, has anticodons, and transports amino acids to ribosome/messenger RNA complex to form peptide chain?

Answer 28

tRNA

Question 29

Which step in translation is mRNA is fed into the ribosome, or rRNA?

Answer 29

1st step

Question 30

Which step in translation is tRNA anticodons are attracted to a complementary codon on mRNA?

Answer 30

2nd step

Question 31

Which step in translation is the amino acid linked to others, forming a peptide chain?

Answer 31

3rd step

Question 32

tRNA anitcodon transports what?

Answer 32

Amino acids

Question 33

Where does translation occur?

Answer 33

Cytoplasm

Question 34

Where does transcription occur?

Answer 34

Nucleus