Enzymes Flashcards
1
Q
Enzymes
A
Proteins
- catalysts
- lower Energy of Activation
- speed up reactions
- have the right shape and charge to bind with molecules at the active sight
- help facilitate getting substrates together
- it will break bonds in the substrates (change shape) to bring them together. Then the enzymes will go back to the way it was.
- are needed for chemical reactions to take place.
2
Q
Properties of Enzymes
A
- speed up reactions
- only reactions that could happen anyways
- they are not used up or changed
- very specific (designed for reactants needed for 1 reaction)
- work the reaction in both directions
3
Q
Factors Affecting Enzymes
A
- Temperature
- pH
- -they do not regulate enzyme function. They are just factors that can affect enzymes.
4
Q
How does Temperature affect Enzymes?
A
- Higher temp. faster reactions occur
- If temp is to high they will denature (loss shape and function)
5
Q
How does pH affect Enzymes?
A
- All enzymes have a certain pH range they will work at
- If the pH is to high or low they will slow down or not work at all.
6
Q
Regulation of Enzymes
A
- The amount of substrate (reactants)
- The amount of Enzyme
- Feedback inhibition
- Competitive Inhibition
- Allosteric Regulation
- Inactive Forms
7
Q
Feedback Inhibition
A
- The product binds to the Enzyme
- Some product feeds back and turns off or inhibits the Enzyme.
8
Q
Competitive Inhibition
A
-Something binds to an active sight and stops that reaction from happening.
9
Q
Allosteric Regulation
A
Co-factors/ Co-enzymes
- effect the shape/function
- can speed up or slow down or stop the enzyme
- they don’t bind to the active sight
- vitamins and minerals are and example of them
10
Q
Inactive Forms
A
Must come into contact with things that activate them
- Digestive enzymes
- -inactive until activated
11
Q
Catalyst
A
Helps chemical reactions take place
