Flashcards in Exam 2 antihyperlipidemics- Kinder Deck (73)
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1
What are statins
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
2
what are the fibrate drugs
fenofibrate
gemfibrozil
3
what are the bile acid sequesterants
cholestyramine
colesevelam
colestipol
4
what are the cholesterol absorption inhibitors
ezetimibe
5
vytorin is a comination of what drugs
simvastatin and ezetimibe
6
what are the new Tx out for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
lomitapide
mipomersen
7
what are the major components of chylomicrons
dietary TGs and cholesterol
8
where are chylomicrons synthesized
intestine
9
what is the mechanism of catabolism of chylomicrons
TG hydrolysis by LPL and remant uptake by liver
10
What is LDL make up of
cholesteryl esters
11
what is HDL made up of
phospholipids, cholesteryl esters
12
what lipoproteins are made in the liver
VLDL and HDL
13
which lipoprotein has the most protein
HDL
14
which lipoprotein has the most lipid
chylomicrons
15
how do plaques form, general path sequence
LDL retention in subendothelial space leading to oxidation that increases plasminogen inhibitor and inhibits NO
massive accumulation of cholesterol with increased inflammatory response
16
What are the targe LDL choesterol levels and what is considered very high
want 190 very high
17
what is the target for total cholesterol and what is considered high
want 240 high
18
what are the normal ranges of HDL
60 is high
19
What is the LDL goal for CHD or CHD risk eqivalent?
at what LDL level do you intiate drug therapy
goal LDL 130
20
what is the LDL goal for patients with 0-1 risk factors? when do you start Tx
goal 190
21
What are the risk equivalents for CHD
symtomatic carotid artery disease
peripheral arterial disease
AAA
diabetes
22
what are the risk factors for hyperlipidemia
age
family Hx of premature CHD
cigarette smoking
HTN
low HDL
23
what are non drug Tx options for HLD
lifestyle changes, diet, exercise, smokin cessation
24
what are the drug Tx options for HLD
MHG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (statins)
Niacin, Vit B3
Fibric Acid dervatives (fibrates)
bile acid sequestrants (resins)
cholesterol absorption inhibitors
25
non drug Tx for HLD should not be used alone in what scenarios
severe hypercholestermia
known CHD
CHD risk equivalents
PVD
26
what are the dietary recs for HLD
total fat 20-25% calories
saturated fat <200 mg
carbs 50-60% total calories
dietary fiber 20-30 g
27
What parts of diet increase TGs?
alcohol, total fat, excess caloric intae
28
what parts of diet increase LDL
cholesterol, saturated and trans fats
29
What is HMG-CoA reductase
the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis
30
