Exercise (dont study for y10 mocks) Flashcards
Bioenergetics (16 cards)
What do muscles need to contract?
Energy from respiration
Muscles require energy derived from respiration to facilitate contraction, especially during exercise.
What happens to respiration during exercise?
It increases
Increased respiration is necessary to meet the higher energy demands of muscles during exercise.
How does the body respond to increased energy demands during exercise?
Breathing rate and volume increase, heart rate increases
These changes help deliver more oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide efficiently.
What occurs when muscles cannot get enough oxygen during vigorous exercise?
They start respiring anaerobically
Anaerobic respiration happens when oxygen supply is insufficient, leading to different energy production processes.
What is a negative consequence of anaerobic respiration in muscles?
Lactic acid builds up
The accumulation of lactic acid can cause pain and fatigue in muscles.
What is lactic acid formed from?
Incomplete oxidation of glucose
Lactic acid results from the anaerobic breakdown of glucose when oxygen is limited.
What is an oxygen debt?
The amount of extra oxygen needed to remove lactic acid
Oxygen debt signifies the oxygen required to convert lactic acid back into harmless substances after anaerobic respiration.
What does oxygen react with to neutralize lactic acid?
Lactic acid
The reaction between oxygen and lactic acid produces carbon dioxide and water.
What must you do to repay the oxygen debt after exercising?
Keep breathing hard for a while
Continued heavy breathing helps restore oxygen levels in the blood and muscle cells.
What happens to pulse and breathing rate after intense exercise?
They stay high due to lactic acid and carbon dioxide levels
Elevated pulse and breathing rates indicate the body’s efforts to clear lactic acid and carbon dioxide from the muscles.
How does the body transport lactic acid after exercise?
Blood transports lactic acid to the liver
In the liver, lactic acid is converted back to glucose for energy storage and use.
How can you measure breathing rate?
By counting breaths
Breathing rate can be quantified through simple observation of breath counts over a set period.
What is a method to measure heart rate?
Taking the pulse
Heart rate can be determined by palpating pulse points such as the wrist or neck.
What should you do before measuring your pulse after exercise?
Rest for 5 minutes
Resting allows for a baseline measurement before assessing the impact of exercise on heart rate.
What effect does exercise intensity have on pulse rate?
Pulse rate increases with exercise intensity
Greater exercise intensity demands more oxygen delivery to muscles, reflected in a higher pulse rate.
How can you reduce random errors in pulse rate measurements?
Conduct measurements as a group and average results
Group measurements help mitigate individual variations and provide more reliable data.
