Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Micro > FA Gram + Cocci > Flashcards

FA Gram + Cocci Flashcards

(63 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Gram positive cocci in clusters

A

Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the virulence factor for S aureus?

A

Protein A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does protein A work?

A

Binds Fc-IgG, inhibiting complement fixation and phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

TSST is a superantigen that binds to WHAT causing WHAT?

A

MHC II and T cell receptor –> poly T cell activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Presentation of toxic shock syndrome

A 
Fever,
Vomiting,
Rash, 
Desquamation,
Shock,
End organ failure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

S aureus food poisoning is due to ingestion of

A

preformed antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What types of inflammatory diseases can staph aureus cause?

A

skin infections, organ abscesses, penumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What types of toxin-mediated diseases can staph aureus cause?

A

Toxic shock syndrome (TSST-1)
Scalded skin syndrome (exfoliative toxin)
Rapid onset food poisoning (enterotoxins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the toxin that causes toxic shock syndrome?

A

TSST-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the toxin that causes scalded skin syndrome?

A

exfoliative toxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the toxin that causes staph aureus rapid-onset food poisoning?

A

enterotoxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name an important cause of serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections

A

MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why is MRSA resistant to beta lactams?

A

Altered penicillin-binding protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

5 broad types of infections caused by MRSA (this is a read my mind question)

A
  1. Inflammatory disease
  2. Toxin-mediated disease
  3. MRSA
  4. Acute bacterial endocarditis
  5. osteomyelitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How can staph lead to abscess?

A

forms fibrin clot around self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Staph make catalase because they have more staff (compared with strep). Bad staph (aureus) make

A

coagulase and toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Infects prosthetic devices and intravenous catheters by producing adherent biofilms. Component of normal skin flora; contaminates blood cultures

A

Staph epidermidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q 
What is the most common cause of MOPS:
meningitis
otitis media (in kids)
pneumonia
sinusitis
A

Strep pneumo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

strep pneumo is the most common cause of what four conditions

A

meningitis
otitis media (in kids)
pneumonia
sinusitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lancet-shaped, gram positive diplococci

A

Strep pneumo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

encapsulated bacteria that carries IgA protease

A

Strep pneumo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Rusty sputum pneumonia

A

Strep pneumo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Sepsis in sickle cell

A

Strep pneumo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Sepsis in asplenic pt

A

strep pneumo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
to what is strep pneumo sensitive?
s pneumo MOPS are Most OPtochin Sensitive
26
Strep pneumo would have no virulence without its
capsule
27
Dental caries
Strep mutans (viridans, group D)
28
subacute bacterial endocarditis
Strep sanguis (viridans, group D)
29
type of hemolysis for strep viridians (group d)
alpha
30
how to differentiate viridans from strep pneumo
Viridans is optochin resistant, but strep pneumo is optochin sensitive
31
How does s sanguis stick to damaged valves by making
glycocalyx
32
viridans are normal flora where?
oropharynx
33
Viridians group strep live in the mouth because they are not afraid .... (joke)
of the chin! (optochin resistant)
34
strep pyogenes is also called
group A strep
35
pyogenic manifestations of strep pyogenes
pharyngitis, cellulitis, impetigo
36
toxigenic manifestations of strep pyogenes
scarlet fever, toxic shock-like syndrome, necrotizing fasciitis
37
immunologic manifestations of strep pyogenes
rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis
38
How to differentiate strep pyogenes and agalactiae
bacitracin (pyogenes is sensitive)
39
BLANK enhances host defenses against Strep pyogenes, but can also give rise to rheumatic fever
ANTIBODIES to M protein (note: imm response NOT bacteria that cause rheumatic fever)
40
how would you detect a recent s pyogenes infection?
ASO titer
41
What are the jones criteria to diagnose rheumatic fever
Joints (polyarthritis) | s chorea
42
Strep pyogenes PHaryngitis can result in (the stupidest mnemonic ever)
rheumatic PHever and glomerulonePHritis
43
BLANK more commonly precedes PSGN than pharyngitis
impetigo
44
scarlet rash SPARING face, strawberry tongue, scarlet throat
scarlet fever
45
beta hemolytic + bacitracin resistant =
Strep agalactiae (group B strep)
46
colonizes vagina; causes pneumonia, meningitis, and sepsis, mainly in babies
Strep agalactiae (group B strep)
47
S agalactiae produces what factor?
CAMP factor (note this is not cyclic AMP)
48
CAMP factor does what?
enlarges area of hemolysis formed by S aureus (ugh wait what? why is staph aureus here too?)
49
what test would you do to confirm strep agalactiae presence?
hippurate
50
because group B hits babies, you should screen pregnant women at
35-37 weeks
51
if a pregnant woman has group B positive cultures, she should receive
intrapartum penicillin prophylaxis
52
There are two general classes of group D streptococci
Enterococci | Strep bovis
53
name two important enterococci (group B strep)
E faecalis | E faecium
54
Enterococci are normal colonic flora that are all resistant to what?
Penicillin G
55
Three types of infections caused by enterococci
1. UTI 2. Biliary tract infections 3. Subacute endocarditis
56
Lancefield grouping is based on differences in the
C carbohydrate on the bacterial cell wall.
57
Lancefield group D includes
enterococci and nonenteroccal group D streptococci
58
group D strep hemolysis?
variable
59
To distinguish enterococci from nonenterococcal group D
enteroccci can grow in 6.5% saline and bile
60
Some enterococci have become resistant to WHAT --> important cause of nosocomial infection
Vancomycin --> VRE
61
Colonizes the gut; can cause bacteremia and subacute endocarditis in colon cancer patients
Strep bovis (group D)
62
Bovis in the blood =
cancer in the colon
63
word association: strep bovis
colon cancer

Micro (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions