Uterine Horns
The place the embryo develops in the female
Ovaries
Part of the female reproductive tract that produces ova and female sex hormones
Oviduct
Place where sperm and egg meet and fertilize
Uterus
Place where embryo attaches and develops
Cervix
Lots of connective tissue; passage between the uterus and vagina
Vagina
Female organ of copulation and birth canal; place where sperm is deposited and site of urination
Vulva
Exterior genitalia that leads to the vagina; includes left and right labia
Infundibulum
Thin membranous tissue that wraps around the ovary to catch the release ovum from the ovary
Polyestrous
Female continues to stay in estrous cycle until it becomes bred
Seasonally Polestrous
Female stays in estrous cycle only during certain times of the year
4 Phases of Estrous
Proestrus
Estrus
Metaestrus
Diestrus
What happens during Proestrus
3 days before heat
Prostaglandin is released into the bloodstream by the uterus
More Lutenizing Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormones are produced
The follicle releases more estrogen
Estrogen is responsible for behavioral changes before heat
What happens during Estrous
8-48 hours Egg is released 10-14 hours after onset of estrus Ovulation occurs on day 1 Animal is possibly fertilized then Follicle collapses
What happens during Metestrus
After ovulation
lasts 3-4 days
Estrogen declines
A Corpus Luteum is created and produces progesterone
Progesterone stimulates uterus to prepare for embryo
What happens during Diestrus (if pregnant)
Embryo moves into the uterus and implants
Progesterone is produced in large amounts to stimulate growth in lining of the uterus
Corpus luteum will not regress
What happens during Diestrus (if open)
Lasts 12-15 days
Uterus will release prostaglandin and animal will renter proestrus
Estrous
The entire cycle that occurs between when the animal goes into heat and ovulation
Estrus
Period of standing heat. Female is sexually receptive to male
Ovulation
When egg is released from the follicle to be fertilized
Luteolysis
Dying of Corpus Luteum
Foliculogenesis
The process where immature follicles develop into mature follicles
Gravid Uterus
Uterus is caring something
Pregnant
Hormone
Chemical messenger that travels to specific organs and prompts a specific response from the organ
Cervix
Forms tight barrier to keep out bacteria
Lubricates for sperm transmission
Flush of fetus
4 parts of the Oviduct
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus
Uterotubal Junction
Infundibulum
“Catcher’s mitt”
Surrounds ovary, catches ovulated egg, put in oviduct
Ampulla
Moves sperm and egg through duct
Isthmus
Joins with ampulla to the uterine horn
Uterotubal junction
Joins the oviduct to the uterine horn
Functions of the Uterus
Sperm transport
Control follicle growth cycles
house and grow embryo
Expulsion of fetus
4 Important hormones
Estrogen
Progesterone
Follicle stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Estrogen
Produced by: Ovary (follicle)
Function : regulate reproductive cycle and behavior during estrus
Progesterone
Produced by : Ovary (Corpus Luteum)
Function : maintain pregnancy
Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)
Produced by : Anterior Pituitary in brain
Function : Follicular growth in ovary
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Produced by : Anterior Pituitary in brain
Function : Cause ovulation, stimulate CL (follicle stage) to secrete progesterone
Estrous Cycle - Phases and stages and when they happen
- Follicular Phase
- Proestrus stage
- Estrus stage - Luteal Phase
- Diestrus stage
- Metestrus stage
Functions of the ovary
Storage site of immature follicles
Produce oocyte
Produce hormones (Estrogen and Progesterone)
Foliculogenesis
Process where immature follicles develop into mature follicles