Final Exam - Sheet1 Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
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President during the Great Depression, polio, from a wealthy family
A
FDR
2
Q
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Roosevelt’s wife and greatest asset. An advocate for minorities.
A
Eleanor Roosevelt
3
Q
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March 6 to 10 1932, closed banks in order to prevent withdraws (“runs on banks”), and in turn failures
A
Banking Holiday
4
Q
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Name given to FDR’s economic plan to fight the Great Depression
A
New Deal
5
Q
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The informal radio conversations Roosevelt had with the people to keep spirits up. It was a means of communicating with the people on how he would take on the depression.
A
Fireside Chat
6
Q
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A group of close advisers to FDR. These were academics, lawyers, economists, and social scientists.
A
Brain Trust
7
Q
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When the government spends more money than it has
A
Deficit Spending
8
Q
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economic policy where government would pump money into the economy in order to stimulate economic recovery
A
Pump Priming
9
Q
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Nickname for FDR’s New Deal programs
A
Alphabet soup
10
Q
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insures depositor’s money in the banks
A
FDIC, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation,
11
Q
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Funded artists, musicians, and bigger construction projects (Old Valley Stadium and old Phenix elementary
A
WPA, Works Progress Administration.
12
Q
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Federal money to the state for direct help to people
A
FERA, Federal Emergency Relief Act. (called FEMA today)
13
Q
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Policies the stock market
A
SEC Securities and Exchange Commission.
14
Q
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reached 25%
A
unemployment rates
15
Q
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eliminate competition businesses will continue to operate
A
NRA National Recovery Act,
16
Q
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immediate needs fulfilled; (Acronym here)
A
Relief- FERA
17
Q
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putting people back to work; (Acronym here)
A
Recovery-WPA
18
Q
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change the system so the market doesn’t crash again; (Acronym here)
A
Reform-FDIC
19
Q
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make shift homes made out of cardboard and scrap materials
A
Hoovervilles
20
Q
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increase size of government to deal with Great Depression
A
FDR policies
21
Q
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made simple inexpensive cars by using the assembly line
A
Henry Ford
22
Q
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baseball great
A
Babe Ruth
23
Q
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most notorious gangster from Chicago who was found guilty of income tax evasion
A
Al Capone
24
Q
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first male to fly across the Atlantic Ocean
A
Charles Lindbergh
25
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fear of communism
Red Scare
26
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Teapot Dome, Veteran's Bureau, Daugherty Attorney General
Harding Scandals
27
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give big tax breaks to the wealthy so the money can trickle down to the poor. High protective tariffs so US will buy American
Trickle Down Theory
28
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famous dance performed by a flapper
Charleston
29
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Exploded with popularity and encouraged people to buy products
Advertising
30
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illegal bars of the 1920s
Speakeasies
31
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crashed when everyone sold their stock and the prices dropped. People who never played the stock market lost everything because the banks played the market with their money
Stock Market Crash
32
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to buy stock by putting a small amount down and borrowing the rest
buying on margin
33
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when a small amount of money is put down to buy a product and then the rest is paid off in installments with interest
installment buying
34
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days of racial rioting broke out when a young black boy is drowned by whites
Chicago Riot of 1919
35
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Italian radicals who became symbols of the Red Scare of the 1920s; arrested, tried and executed for a robbery/murder
Sacco and Vanzetti
36
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membership increased during the 1920s
KKK
37
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Ford made cheap inexpensive cars affordable for the common person; assembly line
Automobiles
38
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A style of dance music popular in the 1920s
Jazz
39
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explodes with popularity in the 1920s
radio
40
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period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale, distribution and consumption of alcoholic beverages was prohibited
Prohibition
41
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Alliance system, Militarism, Nationalism, Imperialism
Causes of WWI
42
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murdered by Gavrilo Princip in Bosnia while on a good will visit
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
43
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Total years of WWI
1914-1918
44
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Treaty that ended WWI on the Western Front
Treaty of Versailles
45
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Wilson's plan for peace following WWI
Fourteen Points
46
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Note written by German foreign minister to Mexico promising Mexico Texas, New Mexico and Arizona if they join the war against America
Zimmerman Note
47
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Germany's plan to avoid a two front war by taking out France quickly and then turning all their attention to Russia. Failed because of the Belgium resistance. (6 days to 18 days)
Schlieffen Plan
48
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Peace keeping organization designed to create long lasting world wide peace. # 14 of Wilson's 14 point plan. Never ratified by the Senate so US was never a part of it.
League of Nations
49
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harsh because of trench foot, trench mouth, disease, shell shock
Trench Warfare Characteristics
50
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US wanted to return to this policy following WWI
Isolationism
51
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responsible for pulling a lot of countries into WWI
Alliance system
52
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exaggerated stories designed to evoke an emotional response. Hearst and Pulitzer battled for the best story.
Yellow Journalism
53
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leader of the Rough Riders in the Spanish American War and took the Panama Canal
Teddy Roosevelt
54
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Chinese militant group that worked to get rid of foreign influence
Boxer Rebellion
55
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sinking of the Maine, De Lome letter
Causes of the Spanish American War
56
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need for new markets, need for raw materials, religious missionaries, White Man's Burden
Why Imperialism
57
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George Dewey conquers and provides a foothold into China
Philippines
58
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corporate rebellion to overthrow the queen and set up the annexation process
Hawaii acquisition
59
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policy signed by Secretary of State John Hay to open trade in China
Open Door Policy
60
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Washington's Farewell Address, Monroe Doctrine, Declaration of Independence
Documents supporting Isolationism
61
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tried to return Hawaii to the Hawaiians
Queen Liliuokalani
62
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Inventor of the light bulb, phonograph and motion picture
Edison
63
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Inventor of the telephone
Bell
64
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Author of the book The Jungle
Upton Sinclair
65
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known as the trust buster, wanted to break up monopolies
Teddy Roosevelt
66
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immigrants worked long hours with low pay in dangerous working conditions
working conditions
67
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when one company controls an entire industry; discourages competition and increases prices
monopoly
68
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hands off policy by the government used during this era
laissez-faire
69
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survival of the fittest in social settings or society
Social Darwinism
70
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tycoons gave charitable donations to build things such as Carnegie Hall and Rockefeller Center
philanthropy
71
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location where over 17 million European immigrants were processed. 3rd class passengers endured medical tests (trachoma) and mental testing (branded with chalk)
Ellis Island
72
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prohibition, to prohibit the sale, consumption and distribution of alcohol
18th Amendment
73
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women's right to vote
19th Amendment
74
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stopped the sale of contaminated foods and called for truth in labeling
Pure Food and Drug Act
75
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required strict cleanliness for meat packers and began federal meat inspections
Meat Inspection Act
76
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natural resources, new inventions and cheap labor
Industrial Revolution Characteristics
77
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sewing machine, typewriter, Morse code
Inventions of the late 19th Century
78
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used during the Industrial Revolution to help families survive financially
Child Labor
79
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encouraged to acquire an unskilled labor force
Immigration
80
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when the people vote directly on an issue; like for a casino in their county
referendum
81
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when the people can vote to remove an elected official before their term is up; this happened to Gov. Davis which is how Arnold Schwarzenegger became governor
recall
82
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when the people initiate legislation like Megan's law or the Amber Alert
initiative
83
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awarded people willing to move west 160 acres if they were willing to build a homestead and farm for 5 years
Homestead Act
84
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created ag based universities all over the country
Morrill Act
85
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to make Indians more like white people
Assimilation
86
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railroad that connects the country from coast to coast; met in Promontory Point, Utah
Transcontinental Railroad
87
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high railroad rates and low crop prices
Farmer struggles
88
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destroyed buffalo, reservation life, white settlement in the West
Indian Struggles
89
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Rabid Abolitionist who attempted to incite a slave revolt by raiding Harper's Ferry and killed 5 pro-slavery supporters in Pottawatomie, Kansas
John Brown
90
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Missouri slave sued his owner for freedom because his owner took him to a free state.The court decided that Scott was property and therefore the 5th amendment applied and the government can not forbid one of their property therefore allowing slavery to be everywhere
Dred Scott Case
91
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President before Lincoln who did nothing when the South seceded
Buchanan inaction
92
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Confederate who assassinated President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theater.
John Wilkes Booth
93
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a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal
Plessy v. Ferguson
94
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Years of the Civil War
1861-1865
95
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abolishes slavery
13th Amendment
96
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equal rights to blacks
14th Amendment
97
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Right to vote for blacks
15th Amendment
98
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Considered the military turning point in the war because it was the first major victory by the North in the Eastern Theater against Lee
Gettysburg
99
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Slave states that fought for the North because they believed it was a war about preserving the union, not slavery
Border States Role
100
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A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops.
sharecropping
101
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When the people of a territory vote for themselves if they want to be a free state or slave state
popular sovereignty
102
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if your grandfather could vote prior to 1867, you could vote; designed to limit black voting
Grandfather Clause
103
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test required of blacks to take and pass before they could vote; designed to keep blacks from voting
Literacy Test
104
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frees the slaves in states of rebellion (not everywhere)
Emancipation Proclamation
105
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required blacks to pay a fee in order to vote
Poll Tax
106
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slavery, states rights, tariffs, Lincoln's election, preservation of the Union
Causes of the Civil War
107
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increase a need for slave labor in order to keep up with the new machines
Cotton Gin Impact
108
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1st 10 Amendments to the Constitution; rights are limited by the rights of others
Bill of Rights
109
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In 1773, Boston rebels dumped 18,000 pounds of the East India Company's tea into the waters of Boston harbor as a protest, because the company was not being taxed to sell tea, but the colonial tea sellers were.
Boston Tea Party
110
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based on population of the state
House of Representatives
111
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Constitution Written
1787
112
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American Declaration of Independence
1776
113
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based on equal representation (2 for each state)
Senate Representation
114
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1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade)
Articles of Confederation
115
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Right to bear arms
2nd Amendment
116
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Prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and sets out requirements for search warrants based on probable cause
4th Amendment
117
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Double Jeopardy: Can't be tried twice for the same crime; Self Incrimination: Right to remain silent; Must be paid for property if taken for public use
5th Amendment
118
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Guarantees the right to jury trial in civil suits involving $20.00 or more.
7th Amendment
119
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- farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey; the army, led by Washington, put down the rebellion with 13,000 troops; showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem
Whiskey Rebellion
120
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1770; 5 civilians who were part of a mob killed by British soldiers; depicted as a brutal slaughter in colonial newspapers
Boston Massacre
121
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Branch of government that makes the laws
Legislative Branch
122
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Branch of government that enforces the laws
Executive Branch
123
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Branch of government that interprets laws
Judicial Branch
124
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Declaration of Independence, Louisiana Purchase, strict interpretation of the Constitution
Thomas Jefferson
125
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1786-1787; broke out in Massachusetts due to high taxes and heavy debts; demonstrated the need for a stronger national government
Shay's Rebellion
126
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taxation, colonists not allowed to expand, Boston forced to provide for troops
Revolutionary War Causes
127
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landmark case establishing the principle of judicial review
Marbury vs. Madison
128
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no more further European colonization of the Western Hemisphere
Monroe Doctrine
129
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War between the US and Britain. Dolley Madison saves Washington's portrait, the British burn the White House down and the Star Spangled Banner is written by Francis Scott Key. Treaty of Ghent ends the war.
War of 1812
130
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The Cherokee Indians were forced to leave their lands. They traveled more than 800 miles to the Indian Territory. More than 400 Cherokees died of cold, disease, and lack of food during the 116-day journey.
Trail of Tears
131
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created insane asylums and rights for prisoners
Prison and Mentally Insane reform movement
132
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fought to end slavery
Abolition reform movement
133
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worked for women to have the right to vote
Women's reform
