(first midterm) Lecture 3 (4.11.16) PT. 2

Question 1

RBCs have particular _______ on their surfaces.

Answer 1

proteins

Question 2

Agglutination:

Answer 2

blood cells clump up in combination with different (incompatible) kinds of blood

Question 3

Two different versions of the proteins on RBCs are called ____________.

Answer 3

Agglutinogens: A and B

Question 4

Antigen:

Answer 4

any substance that, as a result of coming into contact with appropriate tissues, induces a state of sensitivity and which reacts in a demonstrable way with tissues of the sensitized subject
(unfamiliar material)

Question 5

Antibody:

Answer 5

an immune response or protective protein (usually associated with a particular type of cell) that is characterized by reacting with a specific antigen
(recognizes and fights against unfamiliar material)

Question 6

Cell surface protein A, you have ___ blood type antibodies that are anti-___.

Answer 6

A

anti-B

Question 7

Cell surface protein B, you have ___ blood type antibodies that are anti-___.

Answer 7

B

anti-A

Question 8

Cell surface protein AB, you have ___ blood type antibodies that are anti-___.

Answer 8

AB

no antibodies

Question 9

Cell surface protein O, you have ___ blood type antibodies that are anti-___.

Answer 9

O
anti-A
anti-B

Question 10

Type A blood is compatible with…

Answer 10

A, O

Question 11

Type B blood is compatible with…

Answer 11

B, O

Question 12

Type AB blood is compatible with…

Answer 12

A, B, AB, O

Question 13

Type O blood is compatible with…

Answer 13

O

Question 14

Universal donor:

Answer 14

O

Question 15

Blood vessels from innermost to outermost…

Answer 15

Tunica intima (inner, middle, internal elastic)
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia (externa)

Question 16

What layer is usually much thinner in veins?

Answer 16

tunica media

Question 17

How do veins prevent backflow?

Answer 17

valves

Question 18

The tunica media is the layer that contains _______ muscle.

Answer 18

smooth

Question 19

What has more collagen, veins or arteries?

Answer 19

arteries (a lot more)

Question 20

Are the blood vessels on the surface of the body veins or arteries?

Answer 20

veins

*arteries are deep

Question 21

The arteries lead blood to the smallest _________, which lead to _________.

Answer 21

arterioles

capillaries

Question 22

How does gas transfer happen?

Answer 22

The RBCs have to march “single file” which makes their surfaces RIGHT UP against the wall of the vessel; so close to the tissue, the oxygen diffuses from the hemoglobin off the RBC to the tissue.

Question 23

After gas exchange in the capillaries, the blood goes to the smallest ________.

Answer 23

venules

Question 24

The angiogenetic cell clusters in an embryo become what?

Answer 24

RBCs and blood vessels

Question 25

RBCs come from the bone, but when don't they?

Answer 25

in the embryo when they form the angiogenetic cell clusters

Question 26

In the embryo, the cells that turn into the heart start where?

Answer 26

above the head

Question 27

Consequences of the head fold include...

Answer 27

Distinction of the foregut and midgut Heart placement on ventral part of body The vagus nerve direction change

Question 28

What is responsible for the distinction of the midgut and hindgut?

Answer 28

Tail fold

Question 29

The "tube" leading out of the heart is called the

Answer 29

ventral aorta