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Cert. Somm Exam > Germany > Flashcards

Germany Flashcards

1
Q

What is Germany’s climate?

A

Most northenmost premium vineyards in the world, grapes grow in a cool to cold climate.

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2
Q

What are the top whites in Germany?

A

Riesling
Gewurtztraminer
Muller-Thurgau

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3
Q

What is the top red in Germany?

A

Spatburgunder (Pinot Noir)

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4
Q

What are the top regions in Germany?

A

Mosel
Pfalz
Rheinhessen
Rheingau

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5
Q

What are the wine laws of Germany built around?

A

Sugar content

Therefore winemakers are most concerned about ripeness of grapes

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6
Q

What styles of wine does Germany most commonly produce?

A

All types of sweet to dry whites (Riesling)

Considerable amount of red

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7
Q

Where are the main wine regions of Germany located?

A

Near the Rhine river in the warmer southwestern part of Germany

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8
Q

What is the story behind the beginning of the sweet styles of German wine?

A
  • Year was 1775
  • Courier was carrying a royal decree
  • Headed to top wine region Rheingau
  • The courier was delayed 2 weeks
  • Grapes infected with botrytis
  • Grapes harvested b/c of royal decree
  • Result was rich sweetness and high quality
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9
Q

What is the sparkling wine from Germany called?

A

Sekt

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10
Q

Why do Germans plant their vineyards on such steep slopes?

A

To maximize their exposure to the sun

Steepest on Mosel River planted at a 76 degree grade

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11
Q

What are German winemaking laws based on?

A

Ripeness

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12
Q

How are most German wines labeled & why?

A

Grape Variety

Long history of developing and breeding different grapes

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13
Q

Qualitatswein mit Pradikat
Qualitatswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete
Landwein
Tafelwein

A

The four major German wine quality classifications

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14
Q

Amtliche Prufungsnummer or A.P.Nr

A

Wines strictly regulated
Individual wines are judged based on their unique characteristics
Wines that pass at least minimum quality control standards are awarded an official test number called A.P.Nr
(helpful because they are specific to each wine)

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15
Q

What is used to measure the density of a wine?

A

Oechsle

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16
Q

Why is an Oechsle used?

A

To measure the sugar content of the grape juice or must by using density

  • estimates potential alcohol
  • used to classify wines
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17
Q

What are the four categories in ascending order that wine is divided into?

A

Tafelwein
Landwein
QbA
QmP

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18
Q

Chaptalization

A

The process of adding sugar to wine
Is done in all the categories except QmP
Legally, a wine must be fermented until dry and then sugar is added
Chaptalization will raise the sugar content

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19
Q

Sussreserve

A

Sweet, unfermented grape juice

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20
Q

Qualitatswein

A

A “quality wine” made from riper grapes that range from just unripe to overripe
95% of the country’s production

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21
Q

What are the requirements of QbA?

A 
"quality wine from a recognized region"
approved grapes
grown in the thirteen official winemaking regions
region listed on label
often sweetened with sussreserve
solid wines/reasonable pricing
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22
Q

What are the requirements of QmP?

A

“quality wine with special attributes”

  • best wines in Germany
  • approved grapes
  • naturally ripened
  • six different style designations (listed on label)
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23
Q

What are the six styles of QmP wines?

A 
Kabinett
Spatlese
Auslese 
Beerenauslese (BA)
Eiswein
Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA)
24
Q

Rotwein

A

Red Wine

25
Q

Weisswein

A

White Wine

26
Q

Weissherbst

A

Rose wine

27
Q

Trocken

A

Dry or containing very little residual sugar

28
Q

Halbtrocken

A

Off dry, containing some residual sugar

29
Q

Classic

A

Must come from 1 of the 13 recognized regions
Drier style, slight amount of sweetness,
produced from ripe grapes,
12% alcohol min.

30
Q

Selection

A

Drier style
Ripe grapes
Recognized Region
Recognized INDIVIDUAL VINEYARD SITE

31
Q

Weingut/Gutsabfullung/Erzeugerabfullung

A

“estate bottled”

32
Q

vdp

A

private association
top-quality winemakers
distinctive capsule

33
Q

Describe the term Kabinett

A

Wines made from grapes that just qualify for minimum QmP generally considered a normal harvest in Germany

  • lightest QmP style in body and alcohol
  • bottled 7-10% abv
  • high in acidity
  • off dry/semisweet
34
Q

Spatlese

A

‘Late Harvest’
Harvested a couple weeks after Kabinett grapes
More body and alcohol
Ranges from dry to sweet

35
Q

Auslese

A

‘Select Harvest’
Harvesting only very ripe bunches of grapes by hand
Only in warmer years
Typically used for semisweet or dessert wines

36
Q

Beerenauslese (BA)

A

‘Berries Select Harvest’
sweetest, syrupy, richest, rarest wines in Germany
overripe auslese wines (naturally infected with botrytis)
Botrytis AKA edelfaule

37
Q

Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA)

A 
highest sugar concentration
once or twice a decade
Trocken = dry
"Dry berries select harvest"
Dry means the berry is dry because it's a raisin!
38
Q

Eiswein

A

Partially frozen grapes
Harvested at 12 - 17 degrees fahrenheit
contain ice crystals
(if they froze solid, skins would split open, juice degraded)
grapes pressed outside, ice crystals removed, further concentrating juice

39
Q

Erste Lage

A
  • VDP estate
  • hand harvested grapes
  • min. ripeness levels
  • strict limits on yield

-called erstes Gewachs in Rheingau

40
Q

Grosses Gewachs

A

Similar to Eerste Lage

the estate must be dedicated to dry wines

41
Q

What are other notable grapes in Germany besides Riesling, Gewurtztraminer, Muller Thurgau, and Spatburgunder?

A

Silvaner
Scheurebe
Dornfelder

42
Q

Describe Riesling from Germany

A
  • Can produce racy, dry wines to the sweetest dessert wines in the world.
  • Ripens slowly
  • Cold Heartiness
  • Elegant
  • Balanced
  • Top Quality
43
Q

Describe Gewurtztraminer from Germany

A
  • Distinctly flavored
  • Lychee, Rose, Perfume, Spice
  • Dry and Sweet styles (rarely dessert)
44
Q

Muller-Thurgau

A
  • Ripens Quickly
  • High Yield
  • 20% of Vineyards
  • A Riesling Cross
  • Lacking in Acidity and Character
  • Usually used in lower quality/sweetened blends
45
Q

Spatburgunder

A
  • Pinot Noir
  • “late Burgundy” (translated)
  • Produces top German red wines
  • Lean & Acidic (due to climate)
  • Tart, red, fruit flavors
  • Grown in the warmest, southern region
46
Q

Silvaner

A
  • Fast Ripening
  • Neutral White
  • Dry/Semisweet
47
Q

Scheurebe

A

-Genetic Cross - Silvaner X Riesling

48
Q

Dornfelder

A
  • 2nd most widely planted red grape
  • Ripens Quickly
  • Deep colored red wines
  • Fuller bodied/More tannins than other German reds
49
Q

What is most of Germany’s soil type? How does it affect the wines?

A

Rocky Soil
Slate
Gives wines a strong mineral or flinty characteristic
Absorbs energy from the sun and rereleases it in the form of heat to the vines
This is why German grape growers plant grapes on steep, south facing slopes

50
Q

Anbaugebiete

A

Large Winemaking District (13)

51
Q

Bereiche

A

“Sub-Region”

Specific winemaking area within an anbaugebiet (39)

52
Q

Grosslagen

A

“Large Site”

Collection of adjoining vineyards within a bereich (160+)

53
Q

Einzellagen

A

Individual vineyard site within a grosslage (2,600+)

54
Q

Mosel

A
  • Vineyards planted on steep slopes of the Mosel River
  • Westernmost wine region in Germany
  • Riesling
  • Ripeness is at a premium
  • Wines low in alcohol
  • High acidity
  • Soft Sweetness
55
Q

Pfalz

A 
Warmest Anbaugebiet of Germany
Not far from Alsace
Warmer conditions (lemons/figs also produced)
Highest yields
Rich, fruity reds
56
Q

Rheinhessen

A

Second leading wine produces

57
Q

List the types of the region groups in Germany.

A

Anbaugebiete (13 large districts)
Bereiche (subregion)
Grosslage (large site)
Einzellagen (individual sites)

Cert. Somm Exam (28 decks)

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