gold usmle: Most Common Flashcards
(191 cards)
1
Q
1o Tumor arising from bone in
adults
A
Osteosarcoma
2
Q
Adrenal Medullary Tumor
Adults
A
Pheochromocytoma: 5 Ps: ↑ Pressure; Pain (Headache); Perspiration; Palpitations; Pallor/Diaphoresis
3
Q
Adrenal Medullary Tumor
Children
A
Neuroblastoma
4
Q
Agent of severe viral
encephalitis
A
Herpes simplex
5
Q
Aggressive lung tumor
A
Small cell or oat cell
6
Q
Associated with gallstones
A
Adenocarinoma
7
Q
Bacterial Meningitis adults
A
Strep pneumoniae & in young adults = Neisseria meningitidis
8
Q
Bacterial Meningitis elderly
A
Neisseria meningitidis
9
Q
Bacterial Meningitis
newborns
A
E. coli / Group BStrep.
and Listeria
10
Q
Bacterial Meningitis
toddlers
A
Hib
11
Q
Benign epithelial tumor of
oral mucosa
A
Papilloma
12
Q
Benign fallopian tube tumor
A
Adenomatoid
13
Q
Benign ovarian tumor
A
Mature(Native) Teratoma = benign dermatoid
14
Q
Benign tumor of soft tissue
A
Lipoma
15
Q
Benign tumor of the breast
A
Fibroadenoma
16
Q
Benign tumor of the liver
A
Hemangioma
17
Q
Benign tumor of the vulva
A
Hidroadenoma
18
Q
Benign uterine tumor
A
Leiomyoma: estrogen sinsitive: changes size during pregnancy & menopause
19
Q
Bone Tumors
A
Metasteses from Breast & Prostate
20
Q
Brain Tumor Child
A
Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
21
Q
Brain Tumor Adult
A
Astrocytoma (including Glioblastoma Multiforme) then: mets, meningioma, Schwannoma
22
Q
Breast Carcinoma
A
Invasive Duct Carcinoma
23
Q
Breast Mass
A
Fibrocystic Change: premenopausic women (Carcinoma is the most common in post-menopausal women)
24
Q
Bug in Acute Endocarditis
A
Staph aureus
25
Bug in debilitated,
| hospitalized pneumonia pt
Klebsiella
26
Bug in Epiglottitis
Hib
27
Bug in GI Tract
Bacteroides (2nd E. coli)
28
Bug in IV drug user
| bacteremia / pneumonia
Staph aureus
29
Bug in PID
N. Gonnorrhoeae
30
Bug in Subacute Endocarditis
Strep Viridans
31
CA of urinary collecting
| system
Transitional cell CA (assoc. w/ benzidine; βnaphthylamine; analine dyes; long term txt w/
cyclophosphamide)
32
Cardiac 1ry Tumor Adults
Myxoma: Ball Valve
33
Cardiac 1ry Tumor Child
Rhabdomyoma associated w/ Tuberous sclerosis
34
Cardiac Tumor Adults
Metasteses
35
Cardiomyopathy
Dilated (Congestive) Cardiomyopathy: Alcohol, BeriBeri, Cocaine use, Coxsackie B, Doxorubicin
424. Systolic Dysfunction
36
Cause of 2ry HTN
Renal Disease
37
Cause of Addisons
Autoimmune (2nd infection)
38
Cause of breast lumps
CA of the breast
39
Cause of chronic
| endometriosis
TB
40
Cause of Congenital Adrenal
| Hyperplasia
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency: NaCl lost & Hypotension (then, 11- NaCl retention & HTN)
41
Cause of Cushings
Exogenous Steroid Therapy (then, 1ry ACTH, Adrenal Adenoma, Ectopic ACTH)
42
Cause of Death in Alzheimer
| pts
Pneumonia
43
Cause of Death in Diabetics
MI
44
Cause of Death in premature
NRDS = hyaline membrane disease
45
Cause of Death in SLE pts.
Lupus Nephropathy Type IV (Diffuse Proliferative) = Renal Disease
46
Cause of Dementia
Alzheimers
47
Cause of Dementia (2nd most
| common)
Multi-Infarct Dementia
48
Cause of Dwarfism
Achondroplasia
49
Cause of Food poisoning
Staph aureus
50
Cause of Hematosalpynga
Ectopic pregnancy
51
Cause of Hypoparathyroidism
Throidectomy
52
Cause of Hypothyroidism
Corrective surgery I31 treatment
53
Cause of Kidney infections
E. coli
54
Cause of Liver disease in US
Alcohol consumption
55
Cause of Malignancy in
| children
Acute leukemia
56
Cause of Mental retardation
Downs
57
Cause of Mental retardation
| 2nd most common
Fragile X
58
Cause of NaCl loss and
| Hypotension
21 hydroxylase deficiency
59
Cause of PID
N. ghonorrhea
60
Cause of Portal cirrhosis
Alcohol
61
Cause of Preventable
| Blindness
Chlamydia (serotypes A,B,Ba,C)
62
Cause of Pulmonary HTN
COPD
63
Cause of Secondary
| Hypertension
Renal disease
64
Cause of SIADH
Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
65
Cause of UT Obstruction in
| men
BPHyperplasia
66
Cause Pernicious Anemia
Chronic atrophic gastritis = no production of intrinsic factor
67
Chromosomal Disorder
Downs
68
Common Tumor of the
| Appendix
Carcinoid tumor: flushing; diarrhea; bronchospasm; RHeart valvular lesions
458. Txt: Methysergide (5HT antagonist)
69
Congenital Cardiac Anomaly
VSD (membranous > muscular)
70
Congenital Early Cyanosis
Tetralogy of Fallot =right to left shunt
71
Coronary Artery Thrombosis
LAD artery: MI
72
Demyelinating Disease
Multiple Sclerosis: (Charcot Triad = nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech)
463. Periventricular plaques w/ ↓ Oligodenrocytes
464. ↑ IgG in CSF, Optic Neuritis, MLF Syndorme = Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia, bladder incontinence
73
Dental Tumor
Odontoma
74
Dietary Deficiency
Iron
75
Disease of the Breast
Fibrocystic disease
76
Disseminated Opportunistic
| Infection in AIDS
CMV (Pneumocystis carinii is most common overall)
77
Esophageal Cancer
SCCA
78
Fallopian Tube Malignancy
AdenoCA
79
Fatal Genetic Defect in
| Caucasians
Cystic Fibrosis (chromosome 7q)
80
Female Tumor
Leimyoma
81
Form of Amyloidosis
Immunologic (Bence Jones protein in multiple myeloma is also called the Amyloid Light Chain)
82
Form of Tularemia
Ulceroglandular
83
Germ Cell Tumor of Testes
Seminoma (analogous to dysgerminoma of ovaries)
84
Gynecological Malignancy
Endometrial Carcinoma
85
Gynecological Finding
Endometrial CA
86
Heart Murmur
Mitral Valve Prolapse
87
Heart Valve in Bacterial
| Endocarditis
Mitral
88
Heart Valve in Bacterial
| Endocarditis in IV drug users
Tricuspid
89
Heart Valve involved in
| Rheumatic Fever
Mitral then Aortic
90
Hereditary Bleeding Disorder
Von Willebrands Disease
91
Hormone secreted in
| Pituitary Adenoma
Prolactin
92
Inherited disease of the
| Kidney
Adult polycystic kidney disease: associated w/ polycystic liver, Berry aneurysms, Mitral prolapse
485. APD1 chromosome 16
93
Intracranial tumor in adults
Glioblastoma mulitforme
94
Islet Tumor
Insulinoma = β cell tumor
95
Liver 1ry Tumor
Hepatoma
96
Liver Disease
Alcoholic Liver Disease
97
Location of Adenocarcinoma
| of the Pancreas
Head (99%)
98
Location of Adult Brain
| Tumors
Above Tentorium
99
Location of Childhood Brain
| Tumors
Below Tentorium
100
Lung Tumor, malignant or
| benign
Malignant
101
Lung Tumor, primary or
| secondary
Secondary
102
Lysosomal Storage Disease
Lysosomal Storage Disease
103
Malignancy in Women
Lung (2nd breast)
104
Malignancy of the Larynx
Glottic CA (squamous cell)
105
Malignancy of the Small
| Intestine
Adenocarcinoma
106
Malignancy Vulva
Squamous cell CA
107
Malignant Eye Tumor in Kids
Retinoblastoma
108
Malignant Tumor of the Liver
Hepatocellular CA
109
Motor Neuron Disease
ALS
110
Muscular Dystrophy
Duchennes: Dystrophin deletion. Presents
111
Nasal Tumor
Squamous cell CA
112
Neoplasm Child
Leukemia
113
Neoplasm Child (2nd most
| common)
Medulloblastoma of brain (cerebellum)
114
Neoplasm of the West
Adeno CA of the rectum and/or colon
115
Neoplastic Polyp
Tubular adenoma
116
Nephrotic Syndrome in
| Adults
Membranous Glomerulonephritis
117
Nephrotic Syndrome in
| Children
Minimal Change (Lipoid Nephrosis) Disease (responds well to steroid txt)
118
Non Hodgkins Lymphoma
Follicular small clear cell
119
Number of Deaths per year in
| Women
Lung CA
120
Skin tumor
Basal cell CA
121
Opportunistic infection in
| AIDS
PCP
122
Ovarian Malignancy
Serous Cystadenocarcinoma
123
Ovarian Tumor
Hamartoma
124
Pancreatic Tumor
Adeno (usually in the head)
125
Patient with ALL / CLL / AML
| / CML
ALL Child / CLL Adult over 60 / AML - Adult over 60 / CML Adult 35-50
126
Patient with Goodpastures
Young male
127
Patient with Reiters
Male
128
Pituitary Tumor
Prolactinoma (2nd Somatotropic Acidophilic Adenoma)
129
Place for Primary Squamous
| Cell CA of esophagus
Mid 1/3
130
Place for Peptic Ulcer
| Disease
Lesser curvuture in antrum associated w/ blood group O
131
Primary Benign Salivary
| Tumor
Pleomorphic Adenoma (Mixed) 90% localized to the parotid
132
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Adenomas (followed by: hyperplasia, then carcinoma)
133
Primary Malignancy of Bone
Osteosarcoma
134
Primary Malignancy of Small
| Intestine
Lymphoma
135
Pt. with Hodgkins
Young Male (except Nodular Sclerosis type Female)
136
Pt. with Minimal Change
| Disease
Young Child
137
Renal Malignancy
Renal cell CA
138
Renal Malignancy of Early
| Childhood
Wilms tumor (neohroblastoma) chromosome 11p
139
Salivary Tumor
Pleomorphic adenoma
140
Secondary
| Hyperparathyroidism
Hypocalcemia of Chronic Renal Failure
141
Sexually Transmitted
| Disease
Chlamydia (sero types D-K)
142
Site of Diverticula
Sigmoid Colon
143
Site of Embolic Occlusion
Middle cerebral aa: contralateral paralysis; aphasias; motor & sensory loss
144
Site of Metastasis
Regional Lymph Nodes
145
Site of Metastasis (2nd
| most common)
Liver
146
Sites of Atherosclerosis
Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid
147
Skin CA of Fair Skinned
| People
Malignant melanoma
148
Skin Cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma
149
Small Intestine Congenital
| Anomaly
Meckels diverticulum
150
Stomach Cancer
Adeno associated w/ blood group A
151
Testicular Tumor
Seminoma = malignant painless testes growth
152
Thyroid Anomaly
Thryoglossal duct cyst
153
Thyroid CA
Papillary CA
154
Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Lower esophagus joins trachea / upper esophagus blind pouch polyhydramnios association
155
Tumor in men
Germ cell tumor
156
Tumor of Infancy
Benign vascular tumor = port wine stain = Hemangioma
157
Tumor of the Stomach >50
| years of age
CA of stomach (adeno CA)
158
Type of Hodgkins
Mixed Cellularity (versus: lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion, nodular sclerosis)
159
Type of Non-Hodgkins
Follicular, small cleaved
160
Type of Portal Cirrhosis
Micronodular
161
Type of Soft Tissue Tumor
| of Childhood
Rhabdomyosarcoma
162
Vasculitis (of medium & small
| arteries)
Temporal Arteritis (branch of Carotid Artery)
163
Viral Encephalitis
HSV
164
Worm Infection in US
Pinworm (2nd Ascaris)
165
Worst Prognosis in Thyroid
| Cas
Follicular CA
166
Cause of Lobar Pneumonia
Strep. Pneumoniae
167
Cause of Death b/t 24-44 yoa
AIDS
168
Cause of Pneumonia in Cystic
| Fibrosis
Pseudomonas
169
Cause of Osteomyelitis in IV
| Drug Users
Pseudomonas
170
Cause of Infection in Burn
| Pts
Pseudomonas
171
Mental Problem in Males
Specific phobia
172
Intelligence Test
Stanford Binet (ages 6 & under)
566. WIPSI (ages 4-6)
567. WISK-R (for ages 6-17)
568. WAIS-R (for > 17 yoa)
173
Paraphilia
Pedophilia
174
Metabolite seen w/
| Pheochromocytoma
VMA: vanillylmandelic acid (NE metabolite)
175
Severe Shigella
Dysenteriae
176
Bug in Otitis Media &
| Sinusitis in Kids
Strep. Pneumoniae
177
Cause of a Solitary Brain
| Abscess
A. Israelli
178
Cause of Bacterial Diarrhea
| in U.S.
Campylobacter jejuni
179
Shigella Type
S. Sonnei
180
Cause of Non-Ghonococcal
| Urethritis
Chlamydia trichomonas
181
Pneumonia
Strep. Pneumoniae
182
Urethritis
N. ghonorrhea
183
Cause of Glomerulonephritis
IgA Nephropathy = Bergers Disease
184
Cause of Viral Pneumonia
. RSV infants
581. Parainfluenza kids
582. Influenza virus adults
583. Adeno virus military recruits
185
Complication of COPD
Pulmonary infections
186
Cause of Death w/ SLE
Renal failure
187
Atrial Septal Defect
Ostium Secundum Type
188
Warm Antibody
Most common form of immune hemolytic anemia
588. IgG auto antibodies to RBC
589. See spherocytosis; (+) Coombs test; complication to CLL
189
Immunodeficiency
IgA Deficiency
190
Congenital GIT Anomaly
Meckels Diverticulum: persistence of vitelline duct/yolk sac stalk
191
Cause of Congenital
| Malformation
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
