Guest Lecture: Autoimmunity Flashcards Preview

Medical Immunology Bios 443/843 > Guest Lecture: Autoimmunity > Flashcards

Flashcards in Guest Lecture: Autoimmunity Deck (18)
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1
Q

Paraoxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria

A

PCH; Rare disease where exposure to cold causes a patient’s RBS to lyse; Donath and Landsteiner performed plasma experiment to show that it has an autoimmune etiology

2
Q

What are the components of PCH?

A

1) Target Cells 2) Thermolabile substance (present in normal and disease serum; complement) 3) Thermostabile substance (present only in disease; bound to RBCs; autoantibodies)

3
Q

Major T cell mediated diseases

A

Type I diabetes; MS; IBD; Psoriasis

4
Q

Major B cell/ Antibody mediated disease

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis (also T cell mediated); Systemic Lups Erythematosus; Myasthenia Gravis; Grave’s Disease

5
Q

What are the five factors in autoimmunity?

A
  1. Genetics 2. Environment 3. Failure of tolerance 4. Aberrant cellular responses 5. Target cells/Tissues
6
Q

What is the predictive gene behind many autoimmune diseases?

A

MHC II; for many autoimmune diseases, there are susceptible and protective MHCII alleles

7
Q

What are the Treg associated mutations and their diseases?

A

AIRE - APECED; FoxP3 - IPEX

8
Q

What cytokine increase is associated with Lupus?

A

Type I interferons

9
Q

Inflammation’s effects on APCS

A

1) Increased maturity 2) increase in inflammatory mediators 3) increase costimulatory proteins

10
Q

Inflammation’s effects on B cells

A

1) Mature to plasma cells 2) increases inflammatory mediators 3) increased reception to T cell stimulation

11
Q

Inflammation’s effects on T cells

A

1) increases proliferation 2) biases to Th1 and Th17 3. Can increase or reduce apoptosis 4) Refractory to regulation.

12
Q

What tissue is targeted in MS

A

Myelin on neurons

13
Q

What tissue is targeted in IBD

A

intestine

14
Q

What tissue is targeted in retinitis?

A

the retina

15
Q

What tissue is targeted in SLE

A

DNA, nuclear antibodies

16
Q

What tissue is targeted in RA

A

synovium, antibodies (Rheumatoid factor)

17
Q

What tissue is targeted in Myasthenia gravis

A

acetylcholine receptors on muscles.

18
Q

Treatments for autoimmune disorders

A

Removal of triggers, gene therapy, bone marrow transplants, change microenvironment, depress immune cells, boost regulation, antigen specific therapy

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