gut microbiota

Question 1

time taken for food to go form mouth to oesphagus

Answer 1

1 min

Question 2

tie taken food is in oesphagu

Answer 2

4-8sec

Question 3

time taken food is in stomac

Answer 3

2-4 horus

Question 4

time foodn in sin smallninsts

Answer 4

3-5 hours

Question 5

time of food in colon

Answer 5

10 hours to severla days

Question 6

where is most of the bacteria in the gi travct

Answer 6

colon

Question 7

bacteria found in mouth

Answer 7

streptococcus
anticnomyces
veilloneall
fusobacterium
porphromona
prevotella
treponema

Question 8

common bacerai foudn in stomahc

Answer 8

lactobacciuls
candida
streocouccus
h pylor
peptostreococcus

Question 9

common bacteira found in duodenu

Answer 9

stretococcus
laptobaccilus

Question 10

common bacteira found in jejunum and proximal illeum

Answer 10

streptococcus , lactobacilllus

Question 11

common bacteria foudn in distal illue

Answer 11

clodstidum
strepotcocsu
baceroides
acintomycinase
coryneactaisea

Question 12

factors which cchagne hte gut micorbia

Answer 12

type of food - solid, formaular fhalthfood, inguriedes, whre it is form
antiboic treamtn
malnution
obses
age

Question 13

fucntion of gut mboaita

Answer 13

defects agian pahtesn, tough ph inhiobt and barrier
modifes hosts section e.g. mucin and bile
metaboels of diteary compenos
produion of esserion metabolism
development f immune system
host signal - gut to brain axis

Question 14

what are food which is bad for gut mciobisn

Answer 14

junk food

Question 15

food whih si good for gut micorbison

Answer 15

fiber, i.e. plants, flut vegiaons, whore garins,

Question 16

benifits of high fireb diet

Answer 16

imporve falce buliking reuling in an easire passesage
impiortan phyto chmea nd antioxian and fitamens
used fo rbacteiarl fermaiton, to help maintain ph, increase commnelaa bactal population, supply of short chain fatty acids

Question 17

what is the stie of the most fermaitn of gut

Answer 17

cecum and ascingn colon

Question 18

what is the ph in ascneg colon

Answer 18

mildy acidic

Question 19

what is the main fucnitons of the right side of colon

Answer 19

shot chain faty acid and carbohyarte abostopon and metaboims

Question 20

what is the fuciotn of the left side of the colon

Answer 20

slow utnrove rand liftel fuciotne ot hte carbosph mainly protein produciont

Question 21

ph of descing colon

Answer 21

neutral

Question 22

what is the harmful chemical found in desidng colon

Answer 22

nyh3 , h2,

Question 23

what are the 3 main scfa needed in colon

Answer 23

buyrate
propinoate
acetate

Question 24

acetate -

Answer 24

used fo rlipogneis and tranplorted in blood to peri;phaeral tissues

Question 25

propionate

Answer 25

gluconeogenis in liver satiety signalling

Question 26

butyrate

Answer 26

intestinal peithel cell gorwht and regenationa

Question 27

wher is most gi disseasi in colon

Answer 27

in distal colon due to higher ph and more harmful chemical s

Question 28

does baceira fermaion lower ior incerase ph

Answer 28

lower ph

Question 29

products of bacerial fermation

Answer 29

insulin, statch, lactae, and actaltate

Question 30

what is sected in reposen ot acetat en proinate

Answer 30

glp 1 secteion wihc inhibs fat accumulation

Question 31

what is the rulsut of propiaon adn butyrate

Answer 31

pyy secion , which improes insulin reisant and satiety signaling to brian

Question 32

what is a ruls of butyrate

Answer 32

conic inflaitona nd carcinogneis - antiinlaiotn cyctokinesase

Question 33

role of outer mucus layer

Answer 33

barrier effect, commensial bacteir close ot epitlh black adn prvets adhesi of pathsgens

Question 34

role of inner mus layer

Answer 34

prevnet bacteria pentetion

Question 35

epitheal layer reolw

Answer 35

if the bacteir pentre hte inner mus layer they are killed by the immeun systme

Question 36

barrier effect of baceria

Answer 36

due to the sheer number of baceria close to the prevnet colonisaiton by ingested pathogens and inhibit gorwh of portely pathogneic bactirea

Question 37

active competive exclusion

Answer 37

conferred by oth micorbe - microb and micrbon to host interacotin

Question 38

what are cns disease linke o gut micobitoa

Answer 38

autiism specutm diagios depressive disored ms

Question 39

what are gi disored likned to micorbia

Answer 39

ibd ibs nafld cirrhosis

Question 40

what are the metabolism disroed linked to microbome

Answer 40

insulin reisance metabolic syndoem obesity cvd

Question 41

what immunity disroedr sare associed with the micorbioe

Answer 41

allergies autoimmune disease cancer immuotharpy

Question 42

how does hte gut microbia in ibd

Answer 42

reduced bacteiral diverisy

Question 43

down side of ibd on micorbia

Answer 43

incraed diarrhea, and decreadd diesre for fibre

Question 44

effect of bacterial compoin on microb

Answer 44

kill comensla baciera

Question 45

is the effect of different antiboics differnet

Answer 45

yes, vancomyin is mroe powerful than clindamycin and it is more powerful then coproflaxin

Question 46

what is the genral cahnge in baceria afer antiboi

Answer 46

firmicutes, and bacterides declina dn protetocabcteia increla

Question 47

downside of protbacires

Answer 47

Pro inflmatory

Question 48

downside of c diffe after antiboic thapry

Answer 48

it opens other neices follwoing antiboic shtapry, thus incrs in gorwn cuase toin rodunion, abdo pain andf fvever some staings are antiboics resiant

Question 49

how does fecal microbla transport work

Answer 49

fecal sample form screened healthly donor transplanted into recpiant donor mcrobia repopulates large inteisns, displaces c diff, prevents reinefection

Question 50

what percent of fmt is effect in c diffe

Answer 50

90%

Question 51

effect of scfa on reudcion in carbohdyresase

Answer 51

reduced no. of scfa

Question 52

what is aproboitics

Answer 52

a live microcorim that when admistred in an adequete amount has a helab benfit

Question 53

what is a preboitic

Answer 53

a subatn that selecilty utilsed by host microogaim conferring a host benifit

Question 54

what role are carried out by many bacteria

Answer 54

competoin, barrier and reuciotn of inlaotm

Question 55

what roles in the body are carried out by a limmited no. of bacteri

Answer 55

bioconserion diet direction antagoism immune stimulation

Question 56

what is the ratte effect form microboiome

Answer 56

prodution of vitamens

Question 57

why are proboics hard to judge

Answer 57

large no. of thtem they are indivalist

Question 58

what can preboics secte in brain

Answer 58

scfa which rect wiht immuen clls

Question 59

health benfis of preboics

Answer 59

increase insuil senivy, incread barrier funion, reudced inlaoma nd lipids increased stiety, reudced food intake increaed imune boosint , reuicng inflaion and allergic rections increaed claclum absopon

Question 60

exampoe of preboic

Answer 60

b glucan fibr form oats/ barley