nutrient digestion and absorption 2

Question 1

how are di and tri peptide moved into the cell

Answer 1

through pept1 transporters

Question 2

what is need for di an tro peptie to move into the celll

Answer 2

h+ with them, which then leave again

Question 3

how anre mone pepoes absone

Answer 3

broken down into invicul anoacids using peptiase

Question 4

what trapsoreed move na in in exchange fo protein for di / tri pmerntidie adding

Answer 4

nhE3 transporter

Question 5

what is the benfitis of di/ tri peptide absobption

Answer 5

it makes the area clsoe to the intereisla cell lumen more acidic thus decreasing the ph making it more freily enfvirement for fats

Question 6

what percent of preotien in teh small intestis are di perpoesa nd tri prepis

Answer 6

50

Question 7

what do di and trip peptoes get hydolied into amnio acids as

Answer 7

ingtercelluar pididase

Question 8

what is the lacteal

Answer 8

a capilly like lymphatic vell connected to the lymph below

Question 9

what are the layers of a villus from exterior to interio

Answer 9

epithel, lamina propila, blood capillaries, lacteal

Question 10

where are fats stored

Answer 10

white adipose tissue

Question 11

what are fats stored as

Answer 11

triglycerides

Question 12

why are fats so energy dense

Answer 12

the lack oxygen

Question 13

what are triclyges made up of

Answer 13

gylcer and 3 fatty acids joined togher by a ester bond

Question 14

what is relased when fat is broked up

Answer 14

water

Question 15

what enzyme digests fa

Answer 15

pancreatic lipase

Question 16

are triacyclgoes soluble in water

Answer 16

no

Question 17

how does lipase work

Answer 17

seperates triglyceries into molyges and free fatty acids , making them slumeb in water

Question 18

surfactant role

Answer 18

outside water solube (hydorpllic head) inside water hating oil lovig ( hydropbobic tail

Question 19

hgow are fat globeas abroed

Answer 19

taken into a water solue bmisxtre by bile salt and phosohes to make an emilued fat drop;les

Question 20

are bil salts hydrophobic or hydroilic

Answer 20

both

Question 21

examples of bile salts

Answer 21

sodium cholate, sodium deoxycholate, sodium glycopltate, sodium tauocholate

Question 22

sturcure of phospolips

Answer 22

tow long chaings of fatty acids(hydrophobic) an hydrophilic phoslipid acid head

Question 23

emultaiofn

Answer 23

diviing lipid into smlller parts

Question 24

mechianal disrepution to cluse emulsiton

Answer 24

smmoth musle contraction to gind and mix it

Question 25

emulsifaon agent

Answer 25

prevents it regorming into large driplests ie.e. bile salts and pholips

Question 26

amphiphatic mocles

Answer 26

molues whih are both ploalr and non polar

Question 27

what special feautre do fatty acids have

Answer 27

carbolix acid gorup and a long hydrocarbon chain

Question 28

what is the benifiti of fatty acid

Answer 28

it is more liphollic menaing it can diffiuse across the cell membrane easier

Question 29

what happens when micells break down

Answer 29

relaes, bile sualt , phosphibid , monglides and fatty acids

Question 30

why is an acidic ph prefered for absomng fats

Answer 30

as fats are slightly acidic due to fatty acid nature

Question 31

are mycles absorbed

Answer 31

no

Question 32

are monoglyrers absomebd

Answer 32

yes

Question 33

are free fatty acids abdoed

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

where do fatty acids and monnogyceride go after entering the ell

Answer 34

ser

Question 35

what hapens in teh ser

Answer 35

monogylaes an free fatty acids form triglycers

Question 36

what happpens in the gohgi apparatus

Answer 36

cholesterol , triglyerices and protien join to form chylomicrons

Question 37

what to chylomicores cohontin

Answer 37

cholesteral , fat soulbel vitamesn, phospolyspwh

Question 38

where to chylomirs go

Answer 38

lacterals between iendothel cell adn into lymphac system

Question 39

summary of fat absobrpion

Answer 39

are made into emultion droplests using phophipsis and bile salts are turned into miclesl using pancreatic lipad and colipase lipase are broke down into fattry acids an monoglycertides are diffused not the cell they are then refoed in to tricleured by the ser they are then combined with cholesterol, triglycrisa dn protein and removed vai the gobiapartus to form lyjnaphic system

Question 40

what cahmical turns triclyers into monoglyceris and free fatty acids

Answer 40

lipase and colipae

Question 41

what is oristat

Answer 41

a lipase inhibitor

Question 42

waht is a common side effect of lipase inhigro

Answer 42

steatorrhea

Question 43

what are the types of fat soluble vitemns

Answer 43

a,d,e,k

Question 44

what are the types of water soluble vitamens

Answer 44

b,c and folic acid

Question 45

what is needed for vit b12 to be absobred

Answer 45

it needs to bind to a intrinsic factor

Question 46

what is calusesd by a b12 deficienty

Answer 46

pernicious anaemia

Question 47

where are intricnis factros proed

Answer 47

stomach

Question 48

what cells produce intrinci factos

Answer 48

parietls cells in stomcac

Question 49

where is b12 absoebd

Answer 49

ileum

Question 50

what is pernicous anemai

Answer 50

failure of erythrocyes maturation