health and nutrition lab quiz Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is a sugar substitute?
food additive that duplicates the effect of sugar in taste, but usually has less food energy
Why might someone choose a sugar substitute?
-people might think it’s healthier
-cheaper
How is it possible that diet sodas cause weight gain?
contains sugar substitutes that cause weight gain
What is a placebo?
a substance or treatment which is designed to have no therapeutic value
What is the placebo effect?
The placebo effect is when a person’s physical or mental health appears to improve after taking a placebo or ‘dummy’ treatment
Give an example of the placebo effect?
After participants take a pill, their blood pressure and pulse rate increases, and their reaction speeds are improved. However, when the same people are given the same pill and told it will help them relax and sleep, they report experiencing relaxation instead.
-it’s a pyschological effect
What does it mean if people have more reactions to aspartame in the placebo group than the aspartame group?
-the actual product doesn’t work
-it’s just the psychological effect that makes people think that the product is working, meanwhile it’s all in their head
Why does the sample size(# of participants) matter in scientific experiments?
because it will affect people differently based on their lifestyle and dietary differences
If something is natural, does it always mean it is safe?
No, because some natural ingredients that are derived from plant components are toxic.
-e.g. stevia (sugar substitute) from plants causes infertility and cancer
What does it mean for a brand to establish a “brand name preference”? How
could a brand name preference influence someone’s health over their lifetime?
-achieve brand loyalty for the rest of that consumer’s life
-marketing less healthy products –> persuade kids to prefer unhealthy products over their lifetime, which will lead to long-term health problems
How could social media food advertisements influence adolescence health? Name 2 examples.
-persuades kids to prefer unhealthy foods
-e.g. keep seeing McDonalds ads, more likely to consume sweet drinks and unhealthy foods
-e.g. seeing Doritios ads all the time, make you crave chips more often and create a habit of eating chips as a daily snack
Why is it that advertising works so well on children under the age of 12?
-minds are still growing, when children see something they want it
-more likely to be persuaded when seeing ads with lots of colour, music and action
Why are adolescents neurobiologically less prepared to think critically about the
media?
-the younger the child is, the more vulnerable they are to the marketing strategies
-literacy skills don’t develop until the age of 12
What are possible additives that are in some protein powders? What possible effects could these additives have on health?
-caffeine (tremors, migraines, insomnia)
-creatine (weight gain, dehydration, stomach pain, muscle cramping)
-sweeteners (harmful in large amounts)
How can toxins, contaminants, and organic material in some protein powders present health risks to consumers?
-kidney + brain damage
-disrupts hormones–> health issues
How can someone change their diets (stop using protein powder) to achieve the same fitness goals? What types of foods should they consume to receive a nutrient dense meal?
-take the recommended daily allowance (0.8kg per kg of body weight)
-eat legumes, nuts, soy products to build muscle instead
Why is dry-scooping popular? Describe what it is and the implications of doing this.
-trending
-take pre-workout powders without water
-very dangerous
-may result in heart palpitations
-lung irritation or infection
-digestive issues
What does DRI mean?
dietary reference intake
-how much you should consume
benefits of vitamin A
-plays an important role in vision and reproduction
-needed for formation and maintenance of mucous membrane, skin and bone
-supports the immune system (helps make white blood cells)
benefits of vitamin B
Are co-enzymes involved in energy
metabolism (carbohydrate, fat, and
protein) and energy production
-Needed for functioning and maintenance of the nervous system and muscle tissue
-Supports growth and tissue repair
benefits of vitamin C
Needed for formation and
maintenance of collagen,
neurotransmitters and hormone
synthesis
-Acts as an antioxidant; protects cells from damage and thereby may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and some cancers
benefits of vitamin D
Essential for calcium and
phosphorous absorption in the
intestine and bones
-Needed for the delivery and utilization of calcium and phosphorous in teeth/bone formation and nerve/muscle activity
-Supports bone growth
-Plays an important role in fighting infections and controlling blood pressure and insulin production
what food sources can you eat to get vitamin A
*Liver
* Milk Products (milk, cheese)
* Eggs
* Carrots, sweet potatoes, red pepper
* Papaya, apricot, cantaloupe
* Kale, spinach, turnip and collard
greens
* Butter, margarine
what food sources can you eat to get vitamin B
*Meat (all kinds), fish, poultry
* Whole grains and fortified grain
products ( breads, cereals and pasta)
* Milk products (milk, yogurt, cheese)
* Legumes (dried beans, peas and
lentils)
* Nuts
* Eggs
