Hematology Lab Part 2 Flashcards Preview

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1
Q

The blood contains 3 specialized classes of cells or “formed elements”

A

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
White blood cells (leukocytes)
Platelets (thrombocytes)

2
Q

Another name for RBC

A

Erythrocytes

3
Q

Another name for WBC

A

Leukocytes

4
Q

Another name for Platelets

A

Thrombocytes

5
Q

The function of these cells are to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

RBC

6
Q

The function of these cells are to combat infections and invading organisms

A

WBC

7
Q

The function of these cells are to prevent blood loss

A

Platelets

8
Q

Normal Blood Cell Values of RBC in Males

A

5.4 +/- 0.8 million per cubic millimeter (mm^3)

9
Q

Normal Blood Cell Values of RBC in Females

A

4.8 +/- 0.6 million per cubic millimeter (mm^3)

10
Q

Normal Blood Cell Values of WBC in Males

A

7-9000 per mm^3

11
Q

Normal Blood Cell Values of WBC in Females

A

5-7000 per mm^3

12
Q

Normal Blood Cell Values of Platelets

A

150,000 to 400,000 per mm^3

average = 300,000 per mm^3

13
Q

Which are not true “cells”?

A

Erythrocytes and the Platelets;
They both lack nuclei and are unable to undergo mitosis to form daughter cells;
nothing more than “bags” to carry specific chemicals;
hemoglobin in RBC & platelet factor 3 in the platelets

14
Q

If each gram of hemoglobin in the RBC is maximally saturated with oxygen, it can carry about

A

1.34 mL of oxygen

15
Q

In each 100 mL of blood there is roughly

A

15 g of Hb, hence around 20 mL of oxygen can be carried in every 100 mL of blood

16
Q

Anemia often results from

A

an abnormal decrease in the number of erythrocytes, so that insufficient oxygen is carried to the tissues and they become oxygen starved
other factors may also cause anemia, such as decreased Hb in each cell, decreased cell size, hemorrhage, etc.

17
Q

In order to accurately diagnose the cause of anemia the total erythrocyte picture must be examined

A

hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBC count, cell size, hemoglobin in each cell, etc

18
Q

Automatic device that makes cell counts

A

Coulter Counter

19
Q

Hemocytometer

A

Each of the 2 counting chambers for counting blood cells are
9 mm squares divided into 9 squares, each measuring 1 mm square;
4 corner squares are used for counting leukocytes and are divided into 16 smaller squares
The center 1 mm^2 square is divided into 25 small squares (1/25 mm^2), and each is further subdivided into 16 smaller squares

20
Q

Leukopenia

A

Deficient number of leukocytes

21
Q

Leukocytosis

A

Abnormally high number of leukocytes

22
Q

Which chemical do RBC carry?

A

Hemoglobin

23
Q

Which chemical do platelets carry?

A

platelet factor 3

24
Q

Tool we used in our blood lab for diluting

A

Thoma Pipettes

25
Q

Purpose of Hayem’s or Gower’s solution

A

preserve the corpuscles and prevent coagulation

26
Q

The dilution of RBC was by a factor of

A

200X

27
Q

The depth of the counting chamber for RBC was by a factor of

A

10X

28
Q

The area of the RBC was multiplied by a factor of

A

25X

29
Q

The total multiplication factor for RBC is

A

200 X 10 X 25 = 50,000

30
Q

If you were to count an average of 120 RBC per 1/25 mm^2 square, your RBC count would be

A

120 X 50,000 = 6,000,000 RBC per mm^3

31
Q

By calculating the RBC size and the percentage of hemoglobin each cell carries, we are able to more accurately pinpoint the cause of

A

Anemia

32
Q

Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)

A

MCV = hematocrit (% red cells) X 10 / RBC count (millions/mm^3)

33
Q

Normal Range of MCV

A

87 +/- 2 cubic microns

34
Q

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)

A

MCHC (%) = hemoglobin (g/100ml blood) X 100 / hematocrit (%)

35
Q

Normal Range of MCHC

A

34 +/- 2% of the RBC is hemoglobin

36
Q

The WBC were diluted by a factor of

A

X20

37
Q

The WBC depth was by a factor of

A

X10

38
Q

The average number of cells in 1 mm^2 were counted by a factor of

A

X1

39
Q

The total multiplication factor for WBC

A

20 X 10 X 1 = 200