Imp Fungal Infections of the Mouth

Question 1

what are fungi

Answer 1

eukaryotes

Question 2

what is ubiquitous

Answer 2

saprophylytic or parasiitc

Question 3

what is saprophytic

Answer 3

break down dead/organic matter

Question 4

what are some characteristics of fungi

Answer 4

repro sexual/asexual
unicellular or filamentous vegetative strutures
budding, binary fission
surrounded by chitin cell wall

Question 5

what are the four genera fungi

Answer 5

candida
cryptococcus
apergillus
pneumocystis

Question 6

what are some common fungal related infection

Answer 6

athletes foot
ringworm
vulvovaginal candidiasis
aspergillosis

Question 7

what are the two types of fungi

Answer 7

yeast mould

dimorphic and polymorphic

Question 8

what are some yeats

Answer 8

single oval cells often reproduce by budding

Question 9

what are moulds

Answer 9

multicellular and comp of tubules or filaments called hyphae

Question 10

what is a mycelium

Answer 10

mass of hyphae

Question 11

what is ascomycetes

Answer 11

candida sp

Question 12

what is the marriage are of candida sp

Answer 12

35%

commonset cause infections

Question 13

what are some common sp of candida found in the mouth

Answer 13

albicans (.90%)
glabrata (15-20%)
diff resistant natural systems

Question 14

what si the structure of c albicans

Answer 14

oval budding
blastophores
pseudohyphae

Question 15

what are chlamydospores

Answer 15

formed from c albicans

forms round thick walls resting structures

Question 16

where does c albicans colonise

Answer 16

mouth
GI treat
skin
female genital tact

Question 17

what superficial candidosis

Answer 17

pseudomembranous candidosis PMC

Question 18

what is the superficial candidiasis mucosal infection

Answer 18

thrush
white pseudomem on buccal mucosa/vagina
easily removed by wipe
common in woman

Question 19

what are some other ski infections assc with superficial candidosis

Answer 19

intertrigo
nappy rash
paronychia
HIV infection

Question 20

what does superificl candidosis effect

Answer 20

mainly skin nd epi surfaces

Question 21

what is the other type of candidosis

Answer 21

mucocutaneous

involve bthskina nd underlying mucosa

Question 22

what is CMC

Answer 22

chronic mucocutaneous Candidosis

Question 23

what is CMC described as

Answer 23

disease of the diseased

Question 24

what is the condition of CMC

Answer 24

rare
persistent infection o mouth
skin and mucosa involved
been with t cell def

Question 25

what are the systemic/deep infection of candidossis

Answer 25

occur in major organs following candidaemia (blood infection) can be fatal if untreated

Question 26

what happens in systemic candidosis

Answer 26

``` initial reaction - lower resp tract - candidaemia fungi migrate fatal if untreated ```

Question 27

what are the risk factors of systemic candidiosi

Answer 27

seriously ill patients heart sugery long term immunosuppression or drug therapy

Question 28

what is oral candidiasis presentations

Answer 28

PMC thrush erythematous candidosis angular cheitits chronic hyperplasia candidosis

Question 29

how does erythematous candidosis come about orally

Answer 29

denture wearing most common

Question 30

how treat erythematous candidosis

Answer 30

antibiotics | topical steroids

Question 31

what is seen form erythematous candisoss

Answer 31

red swollen inflamed mucosae to area of upper denture c albicans treat - topical, cleaning

Question 32

what causes antibiotic ore mouth

Answer 32

suppression of normal flora overgrow c albicans broad spec Ab

Question 33

how would treat antibiotic sore mouth

Answer 33

topical anti fungal agents | stop admin Ab

Question 34

what is angular cheitits

Answer 34

erythema and fissures in angular oris seen denture wearers and vitamin deficiencies superinfection s aureus

Question 35

what is chronic hyper plastic candidosis

Answer 35

individual lesions candidate leukoplakia white patches cannot be rubbed off parakeratinised and hyperplasia

Question 36

what are some risk factors of candidial leukoplakia

Answer 36

``` denture hygiene medications immunosuppression xerostomia endocrine disfunction moisture smoking blood disease ```

Question 37

what is the adherence of c albans like

Answer 37

hyphen - form more adhesive - acrylic hydrophobic surface sp adhesins fibrillar annoprotein

Question 38

what are the host defences/damage of c albicans

Answer 38

secreted proteinases (SAPs) phospholipase conc at hyphal tip

Question 39

what is the evolution of morphology and virulence in candida

Answer 39

yeast pseudohyphae hyphae

Question 40

what are anti fugal agents

Answer 40

antimycotics commonly prescribed by GDP's

Question 41

what are some anti fungal agents

Answer 41

polygenes - nystatin imidazole - micronazole triazole - fluconazole antimetabolite - fluorocytosine

Question 42

what does nystatin do

Answer 42

bind to ergosterol in fungal lipid mem - make mem leaky

Question 43

what do azoles do

Answer 43

inhibitor of ergosterol formation used systemically resistance