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Microbiology 2 > M7 Infections if the Upper Respiratory Tract > Flashcards

M7 Infections if the Upper Respiratory Tract Flashcards

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1
Q

what does pyogenic mean

A

causes an elevation in temp - heat

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2
Q

what is a pyogenic bac

A

streptococcus pyogenes

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3
Q

what are the evolutionary groupings of streptococcus

A 
angiosus
Oralis
Mutans 
Salivarius
Pyogenic 
Bovis
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4
Q

what are some sp of S. orals

A 
s snaguinis 
s cristasus 
s gordonii
s mites
s oralis
s pneumoniae
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5
Q

what is a pyrogen

A

agent that causes raise in body tissue

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6
Q

what are GAS

A

Group A Streptococcus

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7
Q

what types of bac are GAS

A

streptococcus pyrogens

assc with diseases

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8
Q

what are iGAS

A

invasive GAS

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9
Q

what kind of disease can GAS cause

A

systemic

major pathogen in skin conditions

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10
Q

what is important to not about a s. pyrogens capsule

A

hyuloronic acid interfere with complement and Ab

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11
Q

what is important to know of bodies reservoir function

A

micro biome
commensals
priming immune system

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12
Q

where is a common site fro s progenies

A

oropharynx

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13
Q

what si percentage of s pyogenes in adult vs children nd why

A

10% adult
20% children
immune system developing and more susceptible to exposure

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14
Q

where is most comply adhesion occur

A

oropharynx

nasopharynx

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15
Q

what allows adhesion at sites

A

non ciliate cells covered in mucus

range of adhesins

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16
Q

what acts as defence to the upper resp tract

A 
mechanical washing 
cough reponse
shedding
mucociliary clearance 
microbiota/flor
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17
Q

what are some infectious organisms in the resp treat

A

bacteria
viruses
fungi

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18
Q

what is viral pharyngitis

A

normal cold virus

only need symptomatic therapy 70%

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19
Q

what is a bacterial ppharyngiits

A

strep throat
GAS 15%
- beta haemolytic S.pyogenes

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20
Q

what complications can occur due to bacterial pharyngitis

A

acute rheumatic fever

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21
Q

what are some common batter seen in pharyngitis

A

fusoacterum necrophorum
mycoplasma pneumonia
haemophilia influenza

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22
Q

what can pharngiti lead to

A

tonsilitis

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23
Q

what represents bacterial pharyngitis

A

swollen uvula
whitish spots
red swollen tonsils
redness gray furry tongue

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24
Q

what is viral pharyngitis shown by

A

red swollen tonsils

throat redness

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25
what are some symptoms of viral pharyngtiits
absence of fever conjuntivitis coryza cough
26
what is coryza
inflammation of nasal mucous membranes
27
what are the symptoms of strep throat
``` sudden onset sore throat fever patchy exudates tiny red spots on hard palate tender cervical nodes ```
28
what are some other complications that can further from strep throat
tonsillitis ottis media sinusitis
29
if there is bad breath asscw with a sore throat what can this mean
bacterial pharngitits recgo necrotising damage to tissue as being broken down proteins being broken = odour
30
What can happen from a more aggressive strain of S. pyogenes
bacteriophage presses haemolytic toxin cause damage to RBC leading to scraeltine appearance
31
what does a super antigen do
overstimulates system
32
what is scarlet fever
severe form of strep throat with assc rash
33
what causes the effects of scalet fever
pyrogenic/erytorogenic exotoxins
34
what does a scared fever show
``` typical rash 2 days after illness contagious flushed red face coated tongue swollen tonsils ```
35
the does GAS come about
periodic epidemics | possible increasing
36
when are GAS skin diseases common
in young children | poor hygiene sharing towels
37
what is ana example of a GAS skin disease
impetigo
38
what is impetigo
usually face high contagious contact with discharge on face infections immediately beneath surface
39
what does impetigo show as
sores on stratum core which then goes beneath skin layer invasive GAS
40
what do GAS skin diseases usually do after colonising skin
disease moves deeper tissue or involves lymphatic system
41
what does range of spreading subcutaneous skin infections caused by
iGAS | invasive GAS
42
what is Cellulitis
deeper skin infections in the dermis | develop in lesion
43
what is erysipelas
localised | fever, rotors, nausea
44
what is necrotising fasciitis
rapid destroy CT | IGAS penetrate mucous memes and develop in deep lesion
45
what is mortality rate of necrotising fasciitis
20%
46
what is acute streptococcal gingivitis
infected gigivae red swollen oedematous follow sore throat
47
what is TSLS
toxi shock like syndrome
48
what si the morality of TSLS
30-60%
49
what causes TSLS
pyrogenic exotoxins complications of invasive infections hypooension to organ failure
50
what dosuperantigens do
activate 1/5 T cells assc with TSST-1 massive please cytokines and inappropriate immune response
51
what does a asuperantigen bind to
directly MHCII complex | outside conventional binding groove
52
what is rheumatic fever
autoimmune disease
53
what are the symptoms of rheumatic fever
sudden onset early --> fever, joint pain, nose bleeds, vomit late --> polyarthritis, inflam of joints and heart pancarditis
54
what is pancrditis
peri, tyco and endocardium affected
55
when is rheumatic fever most likely to occur
young children 5-15 1-4 weeks after are throat inadequate recoervy from GAS
56
what is the autoimmune disease PSGN
Post streptococcal Glomerulonephrotis
57
what happens in PSGN
inflam of glomeruli due to depo of Ag-Abs
58
what kind of hypersensitivity is PSGN
type 3
59
what are the key elements involved in adhesion
lipoteichonic aid M protein F protein Hyaluronic acid
60
what does lipoteichonic acid act as
LTA | fibronectin - FA binding site
61
what does M protein do
fibronectin | and specific binding site
62
what is f protein
fibronecting binding protein | fibronetin
63
what does hyaluronic acid do
capsule | CD44 +ve keratincytes
64
what is used to identify class Streptococcis
haemolysis
65
what is an example of biactrin sensitive
GAS
66
when something is beta haemolytic what does it do on blood agar
clear zones around colony
67
what is the lance field system
group a terminology | serotyping cell wall carb
68
what is group A subdivide by
M protein antigens M1 & M3 - major serotype M3 & M18 - major invasive
69
what is M protein involved in
``` adhesion evading immune system antiphagocytic prevent 3b bind opsonisation via alternate path ```
70
what are other ways of evasion of host defences
SpyCEP - protease cleaves IgG | C5a peptidase - cleave C5a
71
what is Sic and what does it do
strep inhibitor of complement binds C5b & C7 evasion of host defences
72
what do pyrogenic exotoxins do as super antigens
evasion of host def SpeA and SpeC - scarlet fever SPeG..... assc with rheumatic fever
73
what causes tissue destruction nd spread
numerous virulence factors
74
what re some virulence factors able to increase tissue destruction nd spread
haemolysins DNase A,B, C, D Streptokinase
75
what do virulence factors all do
liquefaction of Pus destroy tissue dissolution of clot
76
what is key to iGAS
target immune cells for cel destruction
77
what are streptolysins (SLS)
pore firing cytolysin | toxic to PMN, organelles, platelets
78
what is metastasis
tissue penetration
79
what ar the factors involved in metastasis
m protein | fibronetin binding protein
80
what si the function of m protein in metastasis
stimulates internalisation
81
what is fibroncetin binding protein function in metastasis
hide from macrophages | presist in presence of Ab
82
whats the most affective Ab treat
penicillin V 10 day course
83
what is amoxicillin
narrow spectrum acceptable to children
84
when is erythromycin used
patients sensitive to penicillin

Microbiology 2 (23 decks)

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