Krebs Cycle

Question 1

how much ATP is produced relative to glucose?

Answer 1

2

Question 2

carbon enters the TCA cycle as what?

Answer 2

2 carbon acetyl group of acetyl-coA

Question 3

the acetyl groups that enter the TCA cycle are derived from what?

Answer 3

3 carbon pyruvate molecules from pyruvate

Question 4

along with ATP, what is produced in the TCA cycle?

Answer 4

CO2, NADH, FADH2

Question 5

what products of the TCA cycle are used as the fuel for the electron transport chain?

Answer 5

NADH, FADH2 (specifically protons and electrons of the H and H2)

Question 6

how many majors molecules are there in the TCA cycle?

Answer 6

8

Question 7

3 carbons of pyruvate join with 2 carbons of _____ to produce the 6 carbon start of the TCA cycle, ______

Answer 7

oxaloacetate, citrate

Question 8

in what part of the cycle does this cycle occur?

Answer 8

mitochondria

Question 9

what two things occur when pyruvate is turned in acetyl coA?

Answer 9

O2 converts to CO2, NAD+ converts to NADH

Question 10

acetyl coA is a ___ carbon molecule

Answer 10

2

Question 11

(1) what two things combined create citrate?

Answer 11

oxaloacetate, acetyl coA

Question 12

(1) what is the short lived intermediate molecule produced during citrate synthesis?

Answer 12

citryl coA

Question 13

(1) what enzyme is involved in the production of citrate?

Answer 13

citrate synthase

Question 14

1 acetyl coA molecule produces ____ NADH molecules

Answer 14

3 (1 before the cycle)

Question 15

how many CO2s are released per cycle?

Answer 15

2

Question 16

how many FADH molecules are created per cycle?

Answer 16

1

Question 17

one carbon of pyruvate is released in the form of ___ so that it can enter the cycle

Answer 17

CO2

Question 18

what enzyme converts pyruvate into acetyl coA?

Answer 18

pyruvate dehydrogenase

Question 19

what is the active group of acetlyl coA?

Answer 19

sulfhydryl

Question 20

coenzymeA contains ____ _____ and _____

Answer 20

pantothenic acid, adenosine

Question 21

(2) citrate in converted to isocitrate by _____

Answer 21

aconitase

Question 22

(3) isocitrate is converted to alpha-ketoglutarate by ____

Answer 22

isocitrate dehydrogenase

Question 23

(4) alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to succinyl co-A by _______

Answer 23

alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

Question 24

_____ is released when isocitrate is converted to alpha-ketoglutarate

Answer 24

CO2

Question 25

_____ is released when alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to succinyl-coA

Answer 25

CO2

Question 26

(5) succinyl co-A is converted to succinate by _____

Answer 26

succinyl-coA synthetase

Question 27

(6) succinate is converted to fumarate by ______

Answer 27

succinate dehydrogenase

Question 28

(7) fumarate is converted to malate by ______

Answer 28

fumarase

Question 29

(8) malate is converted to oxaloacetate by _____

Answer 29

malate dehydrogenase

Question 30

how many carbons are in oxaloacetate?

Answer 30

4

Question 31

how many carbons are in citrate?

Answer 31

6

Question 32

how many carbons are in isocitrate?

Answer 32

6

Question 33

how many carbons are in alpha-ketoglutarate?

Answer 33

5

Question 34

how many carbons are in succinyl coA?

Answer 34

4

Question 35

how many carbons are in succinate?

Answer 35

4

Question 36

how many carbons are in fumarate?

Answer 36

4

Question 37

how many carbons are in malate?

Answer 37

4

Question 38

what is released when oxaloacetate is converted into citrate?

Answer 38

coA(SH), H2O

Question 39

the reaction of oxaloacetate to citrate is a ___ step reaction

Answer 39

2

Question 40

the reaction of citrate to isocitrate is a ____ step reaction

Answer 40

2

Question 41

the reaction of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate is a ___ step reaction

Answer 41

2

Question 42

___ groups are lost in the form of CO2

Answer 42

carboxyl

Question 43

what extra enzyme is seen during the conversion of succinyl coA to succinate and acts to convert ADP to ATP?

Answer 43

nucleoside diphosphate kinase

Question 44

during what conversion is GTP produced from GDP?

Answer 44

succinyl coA to succinate

Question 45

during what conversion is FADH2 produced?

Answer 45

succinate to fumarate

Question 46

what is unique about the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase?

Answer 46

it is an integral membrane protein of the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 47

asparagine can be produced from what TCA molecule?

Answer 47

oxaloacetate

Question 48

lysine, isoleucine, and methionine can be produced from what TCA molecule?

Answer 48

fumarate

Question 49

purine nucleotides can be produced from what TCA molecule?

Answer 49

alpha-ketoglutarate

Question 50

acetyl coA is the precursor to what groups of molecules?

Answer 50

fatty acids and steroids

Question 51

_____ is the starting molecule for alanine, leucine, and valine

Answer 51

pyruvate