kumari chpt 2

Question 1

what are the 3 layers of hte graafian follicle

Answer 1

theca externa
theca interna
granulosa cells

Question 2

when is oogenesis initiated in the female?

Answer 2

during fetal development

Question 3

what is oogenesis?

Answer 3

prenatal phase of growth and differentiation

-the process by whihc female gamete are genereated

Question 4

what is folliculogenesis?

Answer 4

differentiation in the prepubertal phase

Question 5

what is folliculogenesis and oogensis?

Answer 5

differentiation in the pubertal phase

Question 6

oogenesis leads to the formation of a haploid or diploid cell?

Answer 6

haploid

Question 7

what stage are oocytes arrested in?

Answer 7

diplotene stage

-(dictyate stage of meiosis)

Question 8

what initiates growth of primordial folllicles?

Answer 8

oogenesis

Question 9

do all follicles become graafian follicles?

Answer 9

no

Question 10

what is the cause of follicular atresia and when does it happen?

Answer 10

• lack of support signal

- can occur at any step during folliculogenesis

Question 11

what is the time required to complete follicular growth?

Answer 11

~10 estrous cycles

Question 12

do all follicles follow the same pattern of development in all species?

Answer 12

no

Question 13

high levels of what in the oocytes inhibits oocyte maturation?

Answer 13

cAMP

Question 14

low levels of what stimulate oocyte maturation?

Answer 14

cAMP

Question 15

what stimulates synthesis of hylauronic acid in the granulosa cells?

Answer 15

LH surge prior to ovulation

Question 16

low levels of what appears to be CRITICAL for the resumption of meiosis?

Answer 16

cAMP

Question 17

what are the functions of anit-mullerian hormone?

Answer 17

inhibits growth of primordial follicles to become primary follicles

Question 18

what happens after the LH surge?

Answer 18

ovualtion occurs and secondary oocyte at M II is released

Question 19

in the mare, ovulation site is restricted to where on the ovary?

Answer 19

the ovulation fossa

Question 20

in what female animal do dominant antral follicles develop and undergo ovulation only in the follicular phase?

Answer 20

sow

Question 21

what cells of the female reopro tract have LH receptors?

Answer 21

thecal cells

Question 22

what cels of the female repro tract have FSH receptors?

Answer 22

granulosa cells

Question 23

___ production increases within the follicle in the pre-ovulatory phase and is highest at the time of ____ _____

Answer 23

• estrogen

- LH/FSH surge

Question 24

low levels of estrogen = _____ feedback on FSH and LH secretion

Answer 24

positive

Question 25

very high levels of estradiol = ___ feedback on FSH and LH secretion

Answer 25

negative

Question 26

what is required for ovum maturation?

Answer 26

estrogen

Question 27

in what species is estradiol actually luteolytic?

Answer 27

cow and sheep

Question 28

high levels of estrogen (at a certain threshold) causes what>

Answer 28

LH surge

Question 29

what increases cervical mucus secretion>

Answer 29

estrogen

Question 30

estrogen increases what receptors in endometrium?

Answer 30

oxytocin receptors

Question 31

what hormone is synthesized and secreted by the CL?

Answer 31

progesterone

Question 32

enzymes involved in P4 synthesis

Answer 32

- increase desmolase (cholesterol to prenenolone) - increase 3B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (prenenolone to P4) - decrease 12a-hydroxylase (conversion of P4 to androgen)

Question 33

which animal produces progesterone BEFORE ovulation?

Answer 33

bitch

Question 34

small luteal cells have what kind of receptors?

Answer 34

LH receptors

Question 35

large luteal cells have what kind of receptors?

Answer 35

PGF2a receptors

Question 36

large luteal cells produce what?

Answer 36

progesterone

Question 37

what hormone inhibits uterine contraction

Answer 37

P4

Question 38

what causes development of mammary glands during pregnancy?

Answer 38

P4

Question 39

what hormone prevents estrus>

Answer 39

P4

Question 40

progesterone acts primarily on the ______ and _____ FHS/LH secretion

Answer 40

- hypothalamus | - inhibits

Question 41

does FSH or LH have a longer half-life?

Answer 41

FSH