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PARASITOLOGY > LAB 1 - MICROSCOPE > Flashcards

LAB 1 - MICROSCOPE Flashcards

lab 1

1
Q

It uses glass lenses to bend and focus light rays and
create magnified images of small objects.

A

light microscope

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2
Q

It forms a dark image against a brighter background

A

BRIGHT FIELD MICRSOCOPE

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3
Q

lenses magnification starting from scanner to OIO

A

Scanner - 4x
LPO - 10x
HPO 40x
OIO 100 x

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4
Q

what is the refractive index of the cedar wood oil the glass has 1.5 refraction?

A

1.5

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5
Q

It decreases the amount of diffraction or bending
of light rays since it has the same refractive index
as glass, resolution must be at 100x

A

cedar wood oil

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6
Q

It enhances resolution and it is used to fill the space
between the objective lens and glass slide. Give the given example provided in the lab.

A

Cedar wood oil

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7
Q

It prevents light rays from dispersing and changing
wavelength after passing thru the samples

A

any mineral oil; lab based - cedar wood oil

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8
Q

a part of microscope where you Observes specimen, re-magnifies the image form by the
objective lens

A

Eye Piece Lenses (Ocular Lenses)

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9
Q

To compensate for observer’s eyesight in the left and
right eyes

A

Diopter Adjustment Ring

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10
Q

It determines the distance between the two eyes.

A

Interpupillary Distance Scale

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11
Q

A monocular or binocular tube which transmits the
image from the objective lens to ocular

A

Observation tube

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12
Q

It is used for holding the microscope

A

Arm

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13
Q

It holds the objectives
 Rotating this part easily changes the magnification of
the objectives

A

Revolving nosepiece

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14
Q

Are the primary lenses that magnify the specimen

A

Objective lenses

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15
Q

Are the most important parts of the microscope which
must produce a clear image

A

Objective lenses

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16
Q

The higher the magnification number of an objective,
the greater the detail seen in specimen parts

A

Objective lenses

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17
Q

It focuses light through the specimen

A

Condenser

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18
Q

This incorporates a lens which collects illumination light
on the stage so that the objectives can perform at full
capability

A

Condenser

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19
Q

which objective magnification is used if the one you are observing is an adult form of parasite?

A

LPO or Scanner

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20
Q

It permits detailed examination of internal structures
in living organisms

A

phase contrast microscopy

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21
Q

It is used to identify medically important fungi grown
in culture.

A

PHASE CONTRAST MICROSCOPY

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22
Q

in phase contrast microscpe, The phase differences are seen through the
the microscope as different degrees of ___

A

brightness

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23
Q

do we need to stain specimen in phase contrast microscope?

A

no

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24
Q

2 types of light sources in phase contrast microscope

A

direct light and difracted light

25
Q

It involves excitation of flourochrome by light

A

FLOURESCENT MICROSCOPY

26
Q

Fluorescence microscope It uses which light and emit which light

A

it uses uv light and emit uv light

27
Q

fluorescent microscope It use ___ to stain microorganisms

A

fluorochrome (dyes)g

28
Q

give some example of fluorochrome (dyes)

A

acridine orange, auramine and
rhodamine, calcofluor white and fluorescein
isothiocynate (FITC)

29
Q

what is the fluorochrome dye used in histology and bacte?

A

Acridine orange in histo and auramine rhodamine in bacte

30
Q

It uses darkfield condenser that blocks light that
would enter the objective directly

A

DARK FIELD MICROSCOPY

31
Q

It directs the light to hit the specimen at an oblique
angle, all other light that passes through the specimen
will miss the objective, thus making the background a
darkfield (organisms appear extremely bright against
a black field

A

DARK FIELD MICROSCOPY

32
Q

dark field microscope is used to detect which parasite?

A

spirochetes (Treponema pallidum)

33
Q

do we need o stain specimen in dark field microscope?

A

no

34
Q

It uses electrons instead of light to visualize small objects. or as a source of light

A

electron microscope

35
Q

It uses electromagnetic fields instead of lenses to form an
image on a fluorescent screen like a television screen

A

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

36
Q

what is the advantage of electron microscope

A

Advantages: objects smaller than 0.2um can be
visualized using this type of microscope with 100,000x
magnification: resolving power is greater

37
Q

electron are useful for studying

A

for studying viruses fungi and microsporidian
parasites

38
Q

resolution of electron microscope

A

Resolution: 0.5nm

39
Q

fixative of electron microscope

A

Fixatives: glutaraldehyde or osmium tetroxide

40
Q

dehydrating agents of electron microscope

A

alcohol or acetone

41
Q

stains for electron microscope

A

lead citrate and uranyl acetate

42
Q

2 types of elctron microscope

A

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

43
Q

a type of electron microscope that needs Ultra-thin preparation of sample
and Allows to examine sample in different layers

A

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

44
Q

a type of electron microscope that only scans the surface of specimens

A

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

45
Q

is a measure of the relative velocity at
which light passes through a material.

A

Refractive Index

46
Q

it refers to ability of the lenses to
separate closely distant objects.

A

Resolving Power

47
Q
  • it is necessary to make objects stand out from the
    background. It is achieved by staining techniques
A

Contrast

48
Q

for mula for total magnification

A

Total magnification
= Magnification of the
Objective Lens X Magnification of the Ocular Lens

49
Q

fertilized or unfertilized
more rounded

A

fertilized

50
Q

fertilized or unfertilized
thin shell

A

unfertilized

51
Q

what does it mean if it’s corticaited

A

it has outer coating

52
Q

what does it mean if it’s decorticated

A

no outer coating in the shell

53
Q

a distinct characteristic of trichuris trichuria/trichiura

A

bipolar plugs

54
Q

shape of trischuris trichuria/trichiura

A
55
Q

stain used for trischuris

A

saline

55
Q

stains used for ascaris lumbricoides

A

iodine

56
Q

stain used for taenia

A

saline

57
Q
A

PARASITOLOGY (10 decks)

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