Lab characteristics

Question 1

Giemsa Stain (5)

Answer 1

Chlamydia, Borrelia, Rickettsiae, Trypanosomes, Plasmodium (Certain Bugs Really Try my Patience)

Question 2

PAS Stain

Answer 2

Stains glycogen, mucopolysaccharides; used to diagnose Whipple disease (Tropheryma whipplei)

Question 3

Ziehl-Neelsen (carbol fuchsin)

Answer 3

Acid fast organisms (Nocardia, Mycobacterium)

Question 4

India Ink

Answer 4

Cryptococcus neoformans (mucicarmine can also be sued to stain thick polysaccharide capsule red)

Question 5

Silver stain

Answer 5

Fungi (ex: Pneumocystis), Legionella, Helicobacter pylori

Question 6

H. influenzae culture

Answer 6

Chocolate agar with factors V (NAD+) and X (hematin)

Question 7

Neisseria

Answer 7

Thayer-Martin (or VPN) media - vancomycin, polymyxin, and nystatin)

Question 8

Bordetella pertussis

Answer 8

Bordet-Genou (potato) agar (Bordet for Bordetella

Question 9

Cornyebacterium diptheriae

Answer 9

Tellurite agar, Loffler medium

Question 10

M. tuberclosis

Answer 10

Lowenstein-Jensen agar

Question 11

M. pneumoniae

Answer 11

Eaton agar; requires cholesterol

Question 12

Lactose-fermenting enterics (5)

Answer 12

Citrobacter, Klebsiella, E. coli, Enterobacter, Serratia (weak)

Question 13

Legionella

Answer 13

Charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine and iron

Question 14

Fungi

Answer 14

Sabouraud agar

Question 15

Obligate aerobes (3)

Answer 15

Nocardia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberclosis

Question 16

Obligate anaerobes (3)

Answer 16

Clostridium, Bacteroides, Actinomyces

Question 17

Obligate intracellular (2)

Answer 17

Rickettsia, Chlamydia

Question 18

Facultative intracellular (8)

Answer 18

Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersinia pestis

Question 19

Encapsulated bacteria (7)

Answer 19

Strep pneumo, Haemophilus influenzae type B, Neisseria meningitidis, E. coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Group B Strep (SHiNE SKiS)

Question 20

Catalase (+) organisms (7)

Answer 20

Pseudomonas, Listeria, Aspergillus, Candida, E. coli, S. aureus, Serratia (PLACESS for your cats)

Question 21

Urease (+) bugs (8)

Answer 21

Cryptococcus, H. pylori, Proteus, Ureaplasma, Nocardia, Klebsiella, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus

Question 22

Yellow pigment

Answer 22

S. aureus, Actinomyces israelli (sulfur granules)

Question 23

blue-green pigment

Answer 23

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 24

red pigment

Answer 24

serratia marcescens

Question 25

protein A virulence factor

Answer 25

s. aureus

Question 26

IgA Protease

Answer 26

S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae type B, Neisseria (SHiN)

Question 27

M protein

Answer 27

Helps prevent phagocytosis; Group A Strep

Question 28

Protein A

Answer 28

Binds Fc regionof IgG; S. aureus

Question 29

Novobiocin differentiates what?

Answer 29

Staph epidermidis (sensitive) from Staph saprophyticus (resistant)

Question 30

Bacitracin differentiates what?

Answer 30

Strep pyogenes (sensitive) from Strep agalactiae (resistant)

Question 31

Optochin differentiates what?

Answer 31

Strep pneumo (sensitive) from Viridans streptococci (resistant)

Question 32

Alpha hemolytic (2)

Answer 32

Strep pneumo, Viridans streptococci

Question 33

Beta hemolytic (4)

Answer 33

Strep pyogenes, Strep agalactiae, Staph aureus, Listeria monocytogenes

Question 34

Gamma hemolytic (no hemolysis)

Answer 34

Enterococci (Group D), Strep bovis

Question 35

Oxidase (+) organisms

Answer 35

Pseudomonas, Campylobacter jejuni, V. cholerae, H. pylori

Question 36

Produces H2S

Answer 36

Salmonella

Question 37

Grows at 42 degrees C

Answer 37

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 38

Grows in alkaline media

Answer 38

Vibrio cholerae

Question 39

hippurate test +

Answer 39

s. agalactiae

Question 40

elek test

Answer 40

C. diphtheriae

Question 41

spore forming

Answer 41

b. anthracis, c. perfringens, c. tetani, b.cereus, c.botulinum, coxiella burnetii

Question 42

interferon-g release assay

Answer 42

TB

Question 43

pink colonies on macconkey agar

Answer 43

Citrobacter, Klebsiella, E. coli, Enterobacter, Serratia (weak)

Question 44

EMB agar

Answer 44

lactose fermenters (purple/black), E.coli (purple w/green sheen)

Question 45

chocolate agar

Answer 45

h.influenzae, s. aureus

Question 46

charcoal yeast extract culture with iron and cysteine

Answer 46

legionella

Question 47

light microscopy with aniline dyes

Answer 47

borrelia

Question 48

dark field microscopy

Answer 48

treponema

Question 49

VDRL/RPR

Answer 49

syphillis, false positive: viruses (EBV, hep), drugs, SLE, leprosy

Question 50

eaton agar

Answer 50

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 51

scotch tape test

Answer 51

enterobius vermicularis

Question 52

leukocyte esterase test positive

Answer 52

bacterial uti

Question 53

nitrite test +

Answer 53

gram negative uti

Question 54

negative urease test for a UTI

Answer 54

E.coli, enterococcus