Lansoprazole

Question 1

drug classification

Answer 1

proton pump inhibitor

Question 2

what can it be used to treat

Answer 2

duodenal ulcers
gastric ulcers
erosive oesophagitis
GERD
zollinger-ellison syndrome

Question 3

chemical nature

Answer 3

pro-drug
benzimidazole sulfoxide

Question 4

proton pump action

Answer 4

pumps protons into the stomach and pumps potassium ions from the stomach back into parietal cells

Question 5

short-term side effects of lansoprazole

Answer 5

headaches
abdominal pain
nausea

Question 6

long term side effects of lansoprazole

Answer 6

infections
deficiencies in B12, magnesium, iron and calcium
diarrhoea

Question 7

H2 inhibitors

Answer 7

cimetidine
ranitidine

Question 8

normal action of the proton pump

Answer 8

normally in the proton pump gastrin binds CCK2, histamine binds H2 and acetylcholine binds to M3 receptors on the parietal cell
this releases H+ from the parietal cell to the stomach
binds with Cl- and forms HCl
decreases the pH of the stomach
K+ are pumped from the stomach to the parietal cells

Question 9

mechanism of action of lansoprazole

Answer 9

is a pro-drug
so is activated in acidic conditions
binds to the proton pump
prevents H+ release into the stomach
so H+ doesn’t bind to Cl-
increases the pH of the stomach
K+ remain in the stomach