Lecture 19 Flashcards
For TMS and rTMS:
- What do they stand for?
- What are they?
- What can they do?
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
- Non-invasive brain stimulation technique in which a changing magnetic current induces electrical activity at a specific region of the brain
- Can create “virtual lesion”, used to link function and structure, Can increase/decrease localized brain activity
What is the difference between fMRI and TMS?
- fMRI looks at correlational relationships
- TMS looks at cause-and-effect relationships
In a neuroimaging case study, a scotoma was created using single pulse TMS to V1. What is a scotoma?
What happens to individuals who have a stroke in V1
* Cannot process anything in that region of the visual field where a scotoma is
True or False:
A scotoma affects both vision for perception and vision for action
False, scotoma only affects vision for perception (as proven by TMS test)
Between the two hemispheres of the brain, what happens in a normal individual versus an individual with a stroke?
- Normal individual: Hemispheres have an equilibrium, exerts relatively equal control over each other
- Stroke: Causes loss of equilibrium, results in greater control of the impaired hemisphere by the unimpaired hemisphere
What is the aim in stroke recovery?
For the affected hemisphere to recover and reestablish the equilibrium between the two hemispheres
Between a 3Hz and 1Hz condition, what were the results of both in a TMS?
- 1Hz stimulation decreases neuroactivity
- 3Hz stimulation increases neuroactivity
True or False:
Individuals treated with rTMS had better recovery of function from stroke than the control group
True, the 1Hz group had the best recovery
True or False:
Visuospatial neglect in visual field can be treated with rTMS
True, but the technique does not allow for long recovery
Does TMS use strong magnets?
Yes, making it equally as dangerous as MRI
