Lecture 25: Roundworm diseases II

Question 1

what is the common name for Trichuris

Answer 1

Whipworms

Question 2

Are trichuris heteroxenous or monoxenous

Answer 2

Monoxenous

Question 3

Where/who do Trichuris/whipworms parasitize

Answer 3

Cecum and colon of mammals

Question 4

What do trichuris adult worms ingest

Answer 4

Blood, tissue fluids, mucosa

Question 5

What do heavy infections with trichuriasis cause

Answer 5

Diarrhea with mucous and blood, anorexia, weight loss, failure to gain wait, dehydrate, anemia

Can be fatal

Question 6

What species does T. Vulpis infect

Answer 6

Dogs

Question 7

What species does T. Suis infect

Answer 7

Swine

Question 8

What is used to tx trichuris

Answer 8

Fenbendazole

Question 9

Dog presents with severe diarrhea with mucus and blood, anemia, and weight loss. The following worms and eggs were found. What parasite is this

Answer 9

T. Vulpis

Question 10

What trichuris is known to cause rectal prolapse in dogs

Answer 10

T. Vulpis

Question 11

Are Trichinella species heteroxenous or monoxenous

Answer 11

Heteroxenous

Question 12

T or F: individuals infected with trichinella serve as IH and DH

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Where do larvae of Trichinella migrate to

Answer 13

Skeletal muscle

Question 14

Trichinellosis is rarely diagnosed in animals but poses huge public health risk, why?

Answer 14

Consuming raw or undercooked pork or bear

Question 15

Name the genus, taken from bear meat

Answer 15

Trichinella

Question 16

How can you dx Trichinella infection

Answer 16

Muscle biopsy- larvae migrate to skeletal muscle

Question 17

What is the treatment for trichinella

Answer 17

Mebendazole or albendazole

Question 18

What are the 4 major groups of strongylid nematodes

Answer 18

1. GI hair worms and trichostrongyloid
2. Large bowl stronglyes and modular worms
3. Hookworms
   4 metastrongyloid lung, vascular and neural worms

Question 19

What do GI hairowrms and trichostrongyloid lungworms infect

Answer 19

Mammals, birds

Question 20

What do large bowel strongyles and nodular worms infect

Answer 20

Mammals, birds, reptiles

Question 21

What do hookworms parasitize

Answer 21

Mammals

Question 22

What do metastrongyloid lung, vascular and neural worms parasitize

Answer 22

Mammals

Question 23

Which strongyloid nematode is heteroxenous (rest are monoxenous)

Answer 23

Metastrongyloid lung, vascular and neural worms

Question 24

What domestic animals are most impact by GI hair worms and trichostrongyloid lung worms

Answer 24

Ruminants, swine, equine

Question 25

Most trichostrongyloid infect __ or ___

Answer 25

Abomasum or stomach

Question 26

What do Haemonchus spp feed on

Answer 26

Blood

Question 27

What do dictyocaulus spp infect

Answer 27

Respiratory passages

Question 28

What is the route of infection for trichostrongyloid

Answer 28

L3 larvae are ingested with vegetation

Question 29

Trichostrongyloid arrest in what phase in the host

Answer 29

Larval development

Question 30

What are the 3 types of larval arrest

Answer 30

1. Seasonal 2. Immune 3. Crowded

Question 31

What is seasoning arrest

Answer 31

Initiated by environment cues

Question 32

What is immune arrest

Answer 32

Stimulated by host immune system in response to current adult worm burden

Question 33

What is crowded arrest

Answer 33

Stimulated by presence of adult worms

Question 34

What is the importance of arrested development

Answer 34

Larvae avoid conditions that are not conducive to their growth or offsprings growth and survival

Question 35

Trichostrongylus spp infect what species and where

Answer 35

SI of ruminants

Question 36

What species does T. Axei infect and where

Answer 36

Abomasum/stomach or ruminants and equids

Question 37

What does ostertagia ostertagi cause in cattle

Answer 37

Chronic abomastitis

Question 38

Where do haemonchus spp parasitize and what species

Answer 38

Abomasum of ruminants

Question 39

Sheep/goat or cow presented with anemia, black/tarry feces. The following worm was observed in feces. What parasite is this

Answer 39

H. Contortus

Question 40

What is the most important helminth parasite of sheep and goats in U.S.

Answer 40

H. Contortus

Question 41

What species do Cooperia spp infect and where

Answer 41

SI of ruminants

Question 42

What species does C. Punctata infect

Answer 42

Cattle

Question 43

What species does Hyostrongylys rubidus infect and where

Answer 43

Stomach of swine Aka red stomach worm

Question 44

Where do dictyocaulus species infect and what animals

Answer 44

Bronchial tree of ruminants and equids

Question 45

Cow presents with coughing, tachypnea, pulmonary edema. The following worms were observed in its lung. What parasite is this

Answer 45

D. Viviparus

Question 46

What species does D. Viviparus infect

Answer 46

Cattle and other ruminants

Question 47

How do you dx trichostrongyloid in GI

Answer 47

ID in fecal sample and perform Fecal egg count

Question 48

How can you identify trichostrongyloid lungworms

Answer 48

Baermann apparatus

Question 49

What is the tx for GI and lung trichostrongyloid

Answer 49

Fenbendazole, albendazole, ivermectin

Question 50

What animals are primarily impacted by large bowel strongyles (strongyloids) and nodular worms

Answer 50

Equids, ruminants, swine, poultry

Question 51

Where do most strongyloids infect

Answer 51

LI

Question 52

What do syngamid worms infect

Answer 52

Upper respiratory tract of birds and mammals

Question 53

What does stephanurus dentatus infect and in what animal

Answer 53

Swine kidney

Question 54

What species does S. Vulgaris infect and where

Answer 54

Equine colon and cecum

Question 55

What do adult S. Vulgaris ingest

Answer 55

Mucosal plugs and blood

Question 56

Horse that are infected with what large strongyle can present with anemia, diarrhea, colic, enteritis, intussception

Answer 56

S. Vulgaris

Question 57

Image shows necrosis of cecum and colon in horse. The following worms were found. What parasite is this

Answer 57

S. Vulgaris

Question 58

What are cyathostomins

Answer 58

Small strongyles

Question 59

What species do small strongyles/cyathostomins infect and where

Answer 59

Equine colon and cecum

Question 60

What is larval cyathostominosis

Answer 60

Mass emergence of hypobiotic/arrested larvae

Question 61

What symptoms does larval cyathostominosis cause in horses

Answer 61

Acute onset of profuse diarrhea, colic Can be fatal

Question 62

Nodular worms infect what species and where

Answer 62

SI/LI of ruminants, swine

Question 63

What is the tx for large bowel strongyles and nodular worms

Answer 63

Fenbendazole, moxidectin